Boots and Snoots

Wed, Aug 12, 2026 Year 3, Winter 6

Codey and Chelsea talk about Bee Simulator.

Timings

00:00:00: Theme Tune
00:00:30: Intro
00:02:37: What Have We Been Up To
00:16:08: Codey’s Entomology Corner
02:03:58: Bee Simulator
02:42:36: Outro

Links

Codey’s New Bug
Picture Winged Flies
Green Bee
Nomad Bees

Bee Simulator
APICO

Contact

Al on Mastodon: https://mastodon.scot/@TheScotBot
Email Us: https://harvestseason.club/contact/

Transcript

Theme Tune

Intro

(30s) Codey:

Hello, farmers, and welcome to another episode of The Harvest Season.

(33s)

My name is Cody.

(35s) Chelsea:

And my name is Chelsea.

(35s) Codey:

And we are here today to talk about cottage core games.

(40s)

Woo, but mostly bugs, mostly bugs.

(41s) Chelsea:

Woo!

(42s)

Mostly.

(43s) Codey:

Um, I have a confession to make.

(46s)

Every single time I read this intro.

(48s)

My brain is like, you’re going to say the other person’s name.

(52s)

Like, I’m going to say, my name is Chelsea, and it’s like,

(54s) Chelsea:

I’m just thinking that. I’m like, 0 no, I’m not Cody.

(56s)

I not Cody.

(57s)

I am not Cody.

(57s) Codey:

I guess it’s just a blank, like he has just left a blank spot, and I’m like, I start getting to that, that part of the line, and I’m like, what is my name?

(1m 8s) Chelsea:

Who am I?

(1m 8s) Codey:

Who am I?

(1m 10s)

Okay, this today we are going to finish up bug month.

(1m 15s)

So, um, the game that we will be tangentially, or um, not tangentially, that we will be uh, obligated to talk about at the end so that this can remain a game-based podcast, uh, is B simulator.

(1m 28s)

Both Chelsea and I played that game.

(1m 29s) Chelsea:

Yep.

(1m 30s) Codey:

Um, But before that, of course, is Cody’s Entomology Corner, where I will bombard y’all with the fire hose of information that is my knowledge of bugs.

(1m 42s)

Um, and there’s a lot of it.

(1m 45s)

But I have tried to hold myself back.

(1m 48s) Chelsea:

Don’t hold yourself back.

(1m 49s) Codey:

I know, it’s just so hard because we’re discussing what is known as the big 4, the big 4 orders, like the most where the most of the diversity is, and I just I have so much I want to talk about.

(1m 59s)

And honestly, if I went through and talked about every single family that I want to talk about or every single antidote.

(2m 4s)

It would be like a 20 hour podcast.

(2m 5s)

So I had to like really slim it down.

(2m 8s)

Um, But yeah, it’s there.

(2m 11s)

But before I rant.

(2m 14s)

Um, we, there is no news because this is again just like kind of our off week, uh, or off month or whatever.

(2m 22s)

Um, the episodes following this one, I believe, is going to be like the news catch up episodes.

(2m 28s)

So it’s going to be a lot of news therein.

(2m 30s)

Um, but since there’s no news.

(2m 32s)

Uh, We’ll just gab about kind of what’s going on in our life.

(2m 36s)

So, uh, Chelsea, what are you, what’s, what’s been going on?

What Have We Been Up To

(2m 38s) Codey:

Like, have you done anything fun?

(2m 39s)

read anything, played anything?

(2m 42s) Chelsea:

Um, so I’ve been getting back into neopets.

(2m 45s) Codey:

Yeah, yeah.

(2m 45s) Chelsea:

We don’t have time to get into that.

(2m 48s)

We don’t have time for that.

(2m 49s)

Um.

(2m 50s) Codey:

Okay, just, I mean, we could probably have a podcast episode about it.

(2m 53s)

But, like, do you take us through like how much do you plan a day?

(2m 54s) Chelsea:

Yes.

(2m 58s) Codey:

Do you just like do a day, do your dailies or are you checking a couple times a day or what?

(3m) Chelsea:

Yeah, so.

(3m 2s)

Like once or twice a day.

(3m 3s)

So, um, I tried to get my old account back, but I know that there was an underscore somewhere and I can’t remember where the underscore it was. So they tried, they tried to recover it for me, but they couldn’t, but like, God bless them for trying.

(3m 10s) Codey:

Mm-hmm.

(3m 15s) Chelsea:

I was like, moon beams with a Z underscore 76.

(3m 16s) Codey:

Yeah.

(3m 20s) Chelsea:

They’re like, oh, okay, maybe it’s another underscore somewhere else.

(3m 25s)

I’m like, honestly, I’ll just start fresh.

(3m 26s)

It’s fine.

(3m 26s)

I bought one month of premium and it is unfair how different the game is when you have premium.

(3m 27s) Codey:

Yeah.

(3m 34s)

Hmm. Is the quality, but like the, it doesn’t lag as much or?

(3m 35s) Chelsea:

To the point where I.

(3m 40s)

So there’s no legging, there’s no ads, there’s no pop-ups.

(3m 42s)

You can use the super shop wizard instead of like.

(3m 47s)

Anyway, that’s if you’re into the game, but basically, it’ll give you the cheapest option by default.

(3m 51s)

You get like the premium wheels, you get goody bags.

(3m 55s) Codey:

Yeah.

(3m 55s) Chelsea:

It’s like a daily

(3m 56s)

it’s just, it’s so unfair.

(3m 58s)

And I’d imagine if I was a kid, like, wow, why does this person have all of these things and I have to go to the soup kitchen?

(4m 5s) Codey:

I mean, honestly, I would still go to the soup kitchen and I would still play as a pauper and all of that if I could just not have lag.

(4m 14s)

So for the sake of the podcast and totally not to secure my own or to salvage my own curiosity or whatever.

(4m 20s)

How much is the premium?

(4m 23s) Chelsea:

Um, so it’s $12.

(4m 28s) Codey:

That is not bad.

(4m 29s) Chelsea:

Um, and then the reason I got, honestly, the main reason I wanted it is because they have a function that’s called, um, zap your pet.

(4m 37s)

So, You can take a regular pet and then you can zap it once every 365 days.

(4m 42s)

It can’t just be like every time you start premium, they keep track of your year, um, and you can get like a really rare neoped.

(4m 46s) Codey:

Mm, mm, mm, mm.

(4m 51s) Chelsea:

So when I was a kid, I had a psi bunny, which you can’t make anymore.

(4m 53s)

Um,

(4m 54s) Codey:

Really?

(4m 55s) Chelsea:

No, you can only get them on like their

(4m 56s) Codey:

Whoa.

(4m 58s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(4m 58s)

So I made one and then Kevin pointed out to me that I, I, I made this like throwaway pet, but I didn’t change any of the personality features.

(5m 7s)

So now it says like, this money, well, assault from afar.

(5m 11s)

And you can’t, you can’t change it.

(5m 12s) Codey:

I do remember seeing that.

(5m 15s) Chelsea:

I’m like, no, she’s really nice.

(5m 17s)

But no, so I really just wanted my side money.

(5m 19s)

Um, There’s some that you still can’t even use with the Zap machine, but it helps you not wait a whole year if there’s one that you want that you can only create on their pet day.

(5m 19s) Codey:

Mm-hmm.

(5m 27s) Chelsea:

Um, but we need to do a whole episode on your pets because I have so much to say about neopets.

(5m 31s) Codey:

Yeah.

(5m 32s)

Yeah, I, I really, my biggest thing with Neopetzel is the games.

(5m 32s) Chelsea:

Um.

(5m 36s) Codey:

Like I, like Destructo match, I could play that game forever.

(5m 39s) Chelsea:

Yes.

(5m 40s) Codey:

But unfortunately, you can only send, quote unquote,

(5m 43s)

send your scores like 3 times a day, which is actually probably for the better because, um, I would just sit there playing that game all day.

(5m 46s) Chelsea:

Yeah, with.

(5m 52s)

Yep, and with premium, you can do it 4 times a day.

(5m 56s) Codey:

That extra one time is really a, is really a bit. I might have to try pre.

(5m 59s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(6m 1s) Codey:

Maybe I’ll try premium for a month, uh, and then we can cover it in a podcast episode and talk about it because because you you mentioned doing neopets again, and then I tried to play again, and I was like, y’all, I can’t handle this lag.

(6m 7s) Chelsea:

That would be incredibly fun.

(6m 15s) Codey:

I can’t handle these ads.

(6m 16s)

Like, the screen is just bombarded with ads and I would try and hit.

(6m 20s)

I would try and like click something, but an ad would pop up, like kind of near it and I would accidentally click the ad and I was just like, I can’t, I can’t do this.

(6m 29s) Chelsea:

No, it’s an entirely different game without being like blasted with advertising.

(6m 33s) Codey:

Yeah, so I will probably.

(6m 36s) Chelsea:

Yeah, just for even one month, just try it and then we can do an episode.

(6m 38s) Codey:

Yeah.

(6m 38s)

Yeah.

(6m 39s) Chelsea:

Aside from that, um, went to a Lord Huron concert in July.

(6m 45s)

They were super fun to see outside.

(6m 45s) Codey:

Nice.

(6m 48s) Chelsea:

Uh, we have a big festival in Ottawa called Blues Fest, and um, it’s never any blues artists, but that’s how it started.

(6m 55s)

Uh, and usually the weather is terrible and it was perfect weather.

(7m 1s)

Lovely.

(7m 2s)

It was just great.

(7m 2s)

It was really nice to do that.

(7m 3s) Codey:

Yay.

(7m 3s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(7m 5s)

And then, um, I saw a Spider-Man brand new day, which I will not spoil, and my husband’s a huge Spider-Man nerd.

(7m 9s) Codey:

Oh.

(7m 13s) Chelsea:

So that was fun.

(7m 14s) Codey:

But did you enjoy it?

(7m 15s) Chelsea:

I did, I did.

(7m 16s) Codey:

Is it? Okay.

(7m 17s) Chelsea:

It’s yeah, it was a good time.

(7m 18s) Codey:

Nice.

(7m 19s) Chelsea:

But I will not spoil it yet.

(7m 20s) Codey:

Yeah, maybe give it a couple more, couple more weeks or something.

(7m 25s)

I don’t know.

(7m 25s) Chelsea:

Mm-hmm.

(7m 26s) Codey:

I don’t know if I’m caught up on Spider-Man movies.

(7m 29s)

Um, but I, so I think I need to, because I was talking to someone about which ones and they were like, oh, you’re like one behind.

(7m 35s)

So I need to do that and then and then I can also watch, uh, brand new day.

(7m 40s) Chelsea:

Yeah, no, there’s some tie-ins with the shows and I’m like, I don’t have…

(7m 43s) Codey:

Ah.

(7m 44s) Chelsea:

I don’t have time to do all of this research.

(7m 47s) Codey:

Mm-hmm.

(7m 47s) Chelsea:

Like, I remember when the Avengers was like the pent ultimate.

(7m 51s)

Oh my god, all these people are combined.

(7m 53s)

This is great.

(7m 53s)

And then it turned into WandaVision. And like, which is fine.

(7m 56s) Codey:

Yeah.

(7m 59s) Chelsea:

But then all these other shows that I just, I cannot.

(8m 1s)

And maybe I’m just like a casual fan.

(8m 2s) Codey:

Yeah.

(8m 4s) Chelsea:

Which I probably, yeah, I like I definitely a fake fan.

(8m 5s) Codey:

Fake.

(8m 6s)

Fake fan.

(8m 7s) Chelsea:

So I don’t know the I don’t know the whole the whole lore of it.

(8m 8s) Codey:

Yeah.

(8m 10s) Chelsea:

Um, but, uh, It’s not so bad in the movie to the point where you don’t know what’s happening.

(8m 16s) Codey:

Yeah.

(8m 16s) Chelsea:

So it’s more stuff like, oh, I remember this Easter egg from the show or, oh, this tiny plotline is continuing from a previous show kind of thing.

(8m 25s) Codey:

Yeah.

(8m 25s)

Well, and some of it isn’t even like necessarily that you won’t understand.

(8m 31s)

It’s just like, it is clear that there is something either from the way that the show is or the audience around you’s reaction that like there is something else there that you’re missing.

(8m 42s)

And I don’t have the time.

(8m 46s) Chelsea:

I don’t, but the thing, okay, so.

(8m 49s)

The episode, so last week’s episode when you when you guys talked about being in the theatre and then approaching somebody, I love that for you because I had, no, I had a group of kids next to me and I have never in my life called another person out.

(9m 2s) Codey:

Uh-huh.

(9m 2s) Chelsea:

Like, I am such a patient person.

(9m 4s)

However, this group of 6 teenagers were put next to me to ruin my whole night because they asked when’s Batman coming and they were being serious.

(9m 13s)

And so which is fine, whatever.

(9m 14s)

However, they were, like, one of them had their, their PSP out, like, full volume, full brightness, no shoes on, no socks on, throwing popcorn, like talking on the phone.

(9m 25s) Codey:

Dude.

(9m 25s) Chelsea:

And then so I was just like, are you done?

(9m 28s)

And they’re like, guys.

(9m 29s) Codey:

I thought Canadians were supposed to be supposed to not do this.

(9m 30s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(9m 31s)

Right?

(9m 33s)

Um, so then, So I was like, are you done?

(9m 37s)

They’re like done doing what?

(9m 38s)

And then the other teenager’s like, listen, guys, we have to be friends.

(9m 41s)

We have to sit and experience this together for the next 2.5 hours.

(9m 45s)

So let’s make sure we get along.

(9m 46s)

And I’m like just shut up.

(9m 48s) Codey:

Shut up.

(9m 48s) Chelsea:

Shut up.

(9m 49s) Codey:

Do you not hear?

(9m 49s)

Do you not see these kids?

(9m 51s)

These freaking kids.

(9m 53s)

Ugh

(9m 53s) Chelsea:

Anyway, so that, yeah, so I don’t even remember what happened the 1st time.

(9m 56s)

So then the next day my kids really wanted to go.

(9m 58s)

So my Pat and I, we went alone the 1st night just to see how scary it would be, um, for my, for my youngest. And plus it just got us a date night.

(10m 3s) Codey:

Okay, yeah.

(10m 4s)

Yeah.

(10m 7s) Chelsea:

Um, and then the next morning I was like, you know what?

(10m 10s)

I don’t remember anything because all I remember is what these people next to me were talking about.

(10m 14s)

Um.

(10m 14s) Codey:

That’s the thing is like they ruin it because then that’s all you remember.

(10m 16s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(10m 18s) Codey:

And if you think about it again or like I know I’m going to have to rewatch the Odyssey just because there was that part in the movie.

(10m 24s)

And when I rewatch it too, I’ll be like, I remember those people and it’s going to ruin it again.

(10m 29s) Chelsea:

Yeah, exactly.

(10m 29s) Codey:

Like,

(10m 30s) Chelsea:

It wasn’t even like they were excited about the movie.

(10m 34s)

They were just talking about other things had nothing to do with this.

(10m 34s) Codey:

No.

(10m 38s) Chelsea:

Anyway, so when I went the 2nd time with my children.

(10m 40s)

I actually remember, like understood what was happening.

(10m 43s)

And I actually remembered it, because I remember, uh, when I went with Pat.

(10m 47s)

I was like, I don’t even remember this scene.

(10m 49s)

All I heard was this guy’s PlayStation portable next to me.

(10m 52s) Codey:

Yeah.

(10m 52s) Chelsea:

Like, what are we doing?

(10m 54s)

Why are you paying all this money?

(10m 55s)

Because it’s not cheap.

(10m 57s)

And then you’re throwing your popcorn?

(10m 57s) Codey:

No.

(10m 59s) Chelsea:

What are we like, come on.

(11m 1s) Codey:

Some people’s kids, man.

(11m 3s) Chelsea:

Not as bad as the Minecraft.

(11m 5s)

I don’t know if you remember that people.

(11m 6s) Codey:

Oh no, what?

(11m 7s) Chelsea:

Check it.

(11m 8s)

Oh my god.

(11m 9s)

Okay, some of the Minecraft movie came out.

(11m 10s)

There’s this little scene where they go chicken jockey and then people would like throw their popcorn at the ceiling, scream and like throw each other around and there’s videos of people like holding up real chicken.

(11m 23s) Codey:

Oh my God, in the theatre?

(11m 25s) Chelsea:

In the theatre. And then, like, every theatre, everywhere said, like, some theatres even paused it before and said, if anyone knows this, you were getting escorted out of the theatre.

(11m 37s) Codey:

Oh my goodness.

(11m 37s) Chelsea:

Oh my god, just look, I’m going to send you a video of like a chicken jockey compilation.

(11m 43s) Codey:

Yeah, I would love to see that.

(11m 44s) Chelsea:

Um, yeah, yeah, so. I don’t know.

(11m 48s)

Maybe I’m maybe I’m just out of touch now because I’m old, but I never acted like that when I was a kid.

(11m 53s) Codey:

Maybe I’m out of touch, but I I had to, like, care for other people’s experiences and respect for the world.

(11m 59s) Chelsea:

Yeah, I had consideration.

(12m 1s) Codey:

Yeah.

(12m 1s) Chelsea:

Yeah, exactly.

(12m 3s) Codey:

I feel that on a molecular level.

(12m 7s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(12m 9s) Codey:

Well, I have been, uh, packing and just like getting ready to move because by the end of this month, uh, so we’re recording this in August, um, you know, in, uh, we, we are out of this place uh, at the end of the month and I’ve lived in this house for 5 years.

(12m 28s)

So that is a lot of things, a lot of materials that have accrued objects that I now need to get rid of.

(12m 36s)

So I’ve been doing that, but I also had a bit some medical issues where I was kind of out of it for a couple of weeks.

(12m 44s)

And now I’m finally like at a place where I can do my work again.

(12m 48s)

And so I have like a good backlog of work to do.

(12m 52s)

before we leave this area.

(12m 54s)

I mean, I can still, there are certain things that I can still take.

(12m 57s)

Like, I have some specimens that are in ethanol that they all told, I mean, they’re just in Ziploc bags.

(13m 3s)

They take not, they take like 2 grocery bags worth of space.

(13m 8s)

It’s really not a big deal.

(13m 9s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(13m 9s) Codey:

But I have like, I’m looking around my room, maybe like 50 boxes of bugs.

(13m 16s) Chelsea:

Wow.

(13m 16s) Codey:

And these, the box, these boxes are like the size of a large textbook, if not bigger and each one has like a couple 100 bugs in it.

(13m 23s)

And so those I need to get rid.

(13m 26s)

I need to get rid of.

(13m 27s)

I need to, um, like give them, uh, I’m I’m currently labelling them and putting identifier numbers on them, and then they will be put into the mus- the entomological museum on my campus, but that is just a lot of time.

(13m 27s) Chelsea:

Mhm.

(13m 42s) Codey:

So I’ve been watching a lot of things.

(13m 44s)

So I watched, um, the newest season of Married at 1st Sight.

(13m 49s)

The American one.

(13m 49s) Chelsea:

Okay.

(13m 51s) Codey:

I watched today I watched Avengers, which is hilarious that you said Avengers, because I was like, I literally just watched that.

(13m 56s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(13m 57s) Codey:

Um, I started rewatching Stephen Universe, um, which I don’t really remember what happens in the end, like near the end seasons or whatever, but the 1st time that I started rewatching it and the theme song started, I like burst into tears.

(14m 2s) Chelsea:

Oh?

(14m 16s) Codey:

So there’s some trauma.

(14m 17s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(14m 20s)

Life is so different from the last time you watched it.

(14m 22s) Codey:

No, it’s just like, it’s just that I remember all of the things that happen in, like, I remember at least that, like, the things that happen in the later seasons are like, ooh, like, there’s, there’s some, some heart.

(14m 34s)

Have you watched Stephen Universe?

(14m 36s) Chelsea:

No, because I’ve had so many people say, if you’re not in a headspace,

(14m 40s)

Don’t do it.

(14m 41s) Codey:

Yeah, there are a lot of themes, um, there that, yeah.

(14m 48s)

So, Um.

(14m 51s) Chelsea:

Is it on par with like bluey emotional damage?

(14m 54s) Codey:

It’s like, it’s a little further than that.

(14m 57s)

I mean, so you might, so Bluey might hit you harder as a parent, but Stephen Universe hits pretty hard too, like, I would say it’s on par with, like, adventure time.

(14m 57s) Chelsea:

Oh no.

(15m 8s) Codey:

Where, yeah, where it comes off like at fear first.

(15m 8s) Chelsea:

Oh no, no, no, no.

(15m 12s) Codey:

Well, and because the person who started who, um, one of the people who made Adventure Time is the person who made Stephen Universe.

(15m 19s)

So, but it starts off as this cute little story and then like the longer it goes on, you’re like, oh.

(15m 20s) Chelsea:

Yep.

(15m 25s) Codey:

Oh, no, no, like this is this is drama.

(15m 26s) Chelsea:

Oh, I’m questioning my existence now.

(15m 30s) Codey:

But I mean, I still really enjoy it.

(15m 33s) Chelsea:

No.

(15m 35s) Codey:

It’s like, it’s a really great story.

(15m 36s)

It’s very heartwarming, but there is definitely there are definitely things.

(15m 40s)

But I will, I’m excited to, uh, rewatch it for sure.

(15m 45s) Chelsea:

That’s good.

(15m 47s) Codey:

But uh, that is what we’ve been up to.

(15m 50s)

Woo.

(15m 52s)

Look, Al, we did it in about 15 minutes.

(15m 55s)

We’re so…

(15m 56s) Chelsea:

Look at that.

(15m 57s) Codey:

We’ve got, we’ve, it’s so much better than it has been in the past.

(16m 1s) Chelsea:

To be fair, we’ve been yapping for about half an hour before we hit record.

(16m 4s) Codey:

That’s true.

(16m 4s)

So yeah, we did get a lot of that out of the way.

(16m 7s)

Okay, starting off my entomology corner.

Codey’s Entomology Corner

(16m 11s) Codey:

Um, so you don’t have a question necessarily, but you bring a question.

(16m 16s)

Do you want to tell the story of that?

(16m 18s) Chelsea:

Yeah, so I just asked when, my daughter, um, If you could ask anything about bugs.

(16m 24s)

What would you like to know?

(16m 26s)

And her question was, Cody, why do female ants not grow weight?

(16m 32s) Codey:

So I love this question because it shows that she already knows that worker ants, worker female ants don’t have wings, but some but some ants do have wings.

(16m 45s)

So it like already shows that she already has had the curious mind to like watch ants and be like, what, like what is the, what’s going on here?

(16m 53s)

Um, so I love that.

(16m 55s)

Thank you, Gwen, for the question.

(16m 57s)

Um, so, Ants have wings when they are reproductively active.

(17m 3s)

So when they are going to reproduce and like create a new colony.

(17m 7s)

Once they have mated, the males actually just die.

(17m 12s)

And but the females that have that used to have wings will drop those wings.

(17m 18s)

So they will basically, they flew, they made it, and then they’ll find a place and then they’ll, they’ll, I don’t, they chew off their wings.

(17m 24s)

I say we always say drop their wings, but they chew them off.

(17m 25s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(17m 27s) Codey:

Um, and so she chews her wings out because she doesn’t need them anymore. And there’s not like nerves or anything, like she, I don’t think she really feels it.

(17m 28s) Chelsea:

Okay.

(17m 34s) Codey:

Um,

(17m 35s) Chelsea:

She has a clutter free queen.

(17m 36s) Codey:

Yeah, she’s like, I don’t need.

(17m 37s) Chelsea:

She doesn’t need those wings anymore.

(17m 38s) Codey:

don’t need these anymore.

(17m 39s)

These are not going to serve me when I’m living in a tunnel.

(17m 42s)

Um, and so then she will begin a new colony.

(17m 46s)

She’ll usually close off behind her and then she will spend uh, an amount of time, I think, like up to a week, of using her own reserves, like the, the, fat and and resources that she has reserved, like restored within her own body to create some workers and and hatch some workers raise them, et cetera, et cetera.

(18m 9s)

And then once, uh, and those will be uh, sorry, those workers will be non-winged.

(18m 15s)

So those are the ones you’re going to see most often.

(18m 17s) Chelsea:

Interesting.

(18m 18s) Codey:

And those will be female.

(18m 20s)

It won’t be until later in the year that the queen will stop producing workers and she’ll start producing drones, which are the males.

(18m 30s)

Um, Yeah, so for the, for once she’s founded a colony, she’ll just make workers until it’s like late, she gets some signal.

(18m 31s) Chelsea:

That is so cool.

(18m 41s) Codey:

Usually it’s like photo period and temperature.

(18m 43s)

So how long the day the day is and the surrounding temperature and she’ll basically can tell that it’s becoming fall or whatever, they all have different times that they’re active.

(18m 56s)

So, but she will then be like, okay, it’s time to make males and then she’ll switch to making males.

(19m 2s)

Um, yeah.

(19m 4s)

That’s one, they either do that or they’ll make males later in the, or make males first.

(19m 10s)

It really depends on the species.

(19m 12s)

But, um, the answer, I guess, short, long story short, is that female ants sometimes have wings, uh, but it is only the queens or the ones that are going that are going to be mated so that they can become queens.

(19m 28s) Chelsea:

Very cool.

(19m 28s) Codey:

Yeah.

(19m 29s)

Um, and that’s,

(19m 30s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(19m 31s)

Yeah, we tried to teach Gwen from the start.

(19m 33s)

Like all of our kids, instead of being fearful, be curious.

(19m 36s)

Because like you’ve said, it’s like an innate thing that’s passed down from parents, like, oh, bugs.

(19m 37s) Codey:

Yes.

(19m 42s) Chelsea:

Oh my god.

(19m 42s)

If you just by nature, by default, kids are curious, they’re not necessarily scared.

(19m 47s)

So that’s why I have a photo of her holding her emotional support earthworm that she dug out of the yard.

(19m 52s) Codey:

Oh, my goodness.

(19m 52s) Chelsea:

that she brought she brought in the house once and she’d like, took care of it for a while.

(19m 53s) Codey:

I.

(19m 58s)

I love that.

(19m 58s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(19m 59s) Codey:

Because that, I mean, that’s also, I’ll, I also was just talking to my husband about this recently that the best way to tell the, this, um, I’m saying, my brain thought the value of a person, but that’s not true.

(20m 11s)

Like, the nature of a person, whether they are inherently good or inherently bad, whatever, is by how they treat or the life that cannot provide anything to them.

(20m 22s)

So, like, can’t give them something.

(20m 22s) Chelsea:

Mm-hmm.

(20m 25s) Codey:

So yeah, watching someone, how do they interact with bugs?

(20m 30s)

How do they interact with dogs and cats?

(20m 33s)

And yeah, having that curiosity and respect for bugs.

(20m 38s)

I’m like, you’re a good egg.

(20m 39s)

You’re a good egg.

(20m 40s) Chelsea:

Yeah. I, I,

(20m 40s) Codey:

Well, and there was no doubt that you were going to raise some good eggs, so.

(20m 45s) Chelsea:

Oh thanks.

(20m 46s) Codey:

Just don’t let her on neopets because that’s that should stop with you.

(20m 51s) Chelsea:

Yeah, I’m breaking this generational curse.

(20m 53s)

It ends with me.

(20m 53s) Codey:

Generally, It probably also began with you based on our ages and the state of the internet.

(20m 58s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(21m)

I did let she has one.

(21m 3s)

She made one neopet on my account.

(21m 5s)

Um, for our cat that passed away.

(21m 7s)

She’s like, well, can we name a pet after? I’m like, yes, we can name one after our cat.

(21m 8s) Codey:

No.

(21m 12s) Chelsea:

So she likes to take care of that one and I let her pick the backgrounds and the paintbrushes and stuff for that one.

(21m 17s)

Um but yeah, no.

(21m 20s) Codey:

Sweet.

(21m 22s)

Well, thank you, Grand, for the question.

(21m 24s)

I feel like I rambled, uh, but that was, that’s my answer.

(21m 29s)

Um, so next, I will do my uh, ramble about, um, insect diversity.

(21m 37s)

So last episode, we covered most of the hollow metabolis insects are the ones that have complete metamorphosis, except for what are considered the big 4 or called the big 4.

(21m 48s)

So these are the foremost speciose orders that contain the vast majority of described insect, and honestly just describe animal diversity, period.

(22m)

Because insects are animals.

(22m 1s)

People, some people are like, no, they’re not.

(22m 3s)

They are, they’re animals.

(22m 4s)

They’re not a separate thing.

(22m 4s) Chelsea:

Mm-hmm.

(22m 6s) Codey:

Um, and those 4 orders are Lepidoptera, which includes the butterflies and the moths, coleoptera, which is the Beatles, Diptera, which are the flies, and Hymanoptera, which includes the ants, the bees, and the wasps.

(22m 19s)

Um, which order is the most speciose order is a hotly debated topic. Um, I think currently, there are more described beetle species than any other thing, but the keyword there is described because there are likely so many undescribed insect species that we just don’t have,

(22m 49s)

We don’t haven’t, like, even had the time, uh, or the knowledge or the, like the interest to identify these things.

(22m 57s)

Um, and so there are probably, I wrote 100s of 1000s of species still left to be identified, but then after I did some more research, like as I was writing my notes,

(23m 8s)

It’s probably millions.

(23m 10s)

Um, yeah, so we, I think the estimate right now is that we’ve probably described maybe 30, 20 to 30% of what likely exists.

(23m 11s) Chelsea:

Wow.

(23m 23s) Codey:

Um, which is nuts.

(23m 26s)

It’s for insects, I mean, it’s easier to have undescribed species because, you know, with mammals, it’s like, well, yeah, we’ve probably seen all the mammals are huge, right?

(23m 34s)

But some of these things are so tiny.

(23m 36s)

Um, and you really have to take that time and that curiosity to stop and like look and look long enough to realise that it’s it is a different thing from what has already been described.

(23m 49s)

Um,

(23m 51s) Chelsea:

It could be a very similar thing, but something makes it different.

(23m 54s) Codey:

Yeah, and like it could.

(23m 54s) Chelsea:

You just don’t have the time to figure out what that is.

(23m 57s) Codey:

Yeah, it could be, I mean, and there are some things, this is true of birds as well, where there’s some birds that look very, very similar, but they have different, uh, different behaviours, different ecology.

(24m 9s)

There is something that has has separated them and they are no longer able to reproduce and produce viable offspring, which means that they are distinct species by the, what is known as the biological species concept.

(24m 23s)

Um, but there are, there’s that in insects, like times, probably a 1000

(24m 29s)

Um,

(24m 30s) Chelsea:

Right.

(24m 31s) Codey:

So yeah, there’s still a lot to look at.

(24m 33s)

Um, so I pulled out 2 papers.

(24m 36s)

I just highlighted 2 papers in the show notes that folks can look at.

(24m 39s)

So there are some entomologists that think flies are the most diverse and the, the, article is titled uh, remarkable fly diversity in a patch of Costa Rican cloud forest, why inventory is a vital science.

(24m 52s)

So this paper gets at why we need to take the time to inventory things.

(24m 57s)

Um, And this actually, this Costa Rican cloud forest is where I went to Beatle school.

(25m 4s)

And one of the co-authors on this paper was one of the instructors at Beatle School. And he has, he has just found, it’s not just flies.

(25m 12s)

Like he has also worked with other experts for other groups in this area. And just this one rather small geographic location.

(25m 20s)

Like they are just there just learning so much about, um, like diversity and speciation and finding things that are completely new, finding things that kind of fill gaps in what we already knew.

(25m 32s)

Um, It’s wild.

(25m 35s)

It was really fun to go there too.

(25m 36s) Chelsea:

That’s cool.

(25m 36s) Codey:

I recommend it.

(25m 37s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(25m 37s) Codey:

I recommend going to Costa Rica if people can.

(25m 38s) Chelsea:

Oh, that’s exciting.

(25m 40s)

Yeah, go look at the bugs, of course.

(25m 43s) Codey:

Um, and the other thing, and there was just so many cool things.

(25m 46s)

there.

(25m 47s)

And then other people think that Hymenoptera will be the most specious order, um, because specific, because of um, parasitoid wasps.

(25m 55s)

So for most organisms that exist, there is a parasitoid of it.

(26m 1s)

So, and a lot of those parasitoids are wasps.

(26m 4s)

And by parasitoid, I mean, um, it is something that, uh, the, the adult herself does not consume, um, something, but she will lay an egg, and that egg will hatch, and then the larva will consume whatever the host is, be that a plant or another bug, um, or spiders or, you know, what it’s, there’s so many different things.

(26m 27s) Chelsea:

That’s cool.

(26m 30s) Codey:

Um, and a lot of Paris toid uh, insects are within wasps.

(26m 37s)

So the, this, this journal, or journal, um, article title is just really funny to me.

(26m 45s)

quantifying the unquantifiable.

(26m 48s)

Why hymenoptera, not coleoptera, is the most specious animal order.

(26m 49s) Chelsea:

Aha.

(26m 55s) Codey:

They’re throwing, that’s some shade.

(26m 58s)

That’s like, it’s like you beetle people.

(27m 1s)

You’re not the most music.

(27m 1s) Chelsea:

Not this, not that.

(27m 3s) Codey:

Um.

(27m 4s) Chelsea:

Beatle drama.

(27m 6s) Codey:

Beetle versus uh, wasp drama basically.

(27m 10s)

Um,

(27m 11s)

Yeah, and really, we’ll, we’ll know the answer in the long run when we finally start describing more of these things and having a greater understanding of them. So, um, so I will jump into the 1st order that I have chosen, which is Lepidoptera.

(27m 29s)

So again, these are the mods and butterflies.

(27m 30s)

Um, Lepidoptera means scale wing.

(27m 33s)

Lapido is scale.

(27m 35s)

Ptera is wing. And the majority of these organisms have a coil, what is known as a coiled proboscis.

(27m 44s)

So how they, the adults consume is they don’t have like mandibles, they don’t chew things, they lap them or suck them up through this appendage that is like a straw and it’s called the proboscis.

(27m 58s)

Um, and the majority of Lepidopterans can actually coil their proboscis, but there are a couple, I think it’s like 90% of them, but like 10% of them can’t.

(28m 8s)

Um, And the other, like, really big factor of Lepidoptera is what is exactly what it says, the scaled wing.

(28m 17s)

So the wing itself is clear, but it is covered with all of these tiny, tiny scales that will make up, um, the image or the colouration that you see.

(28m 32s)

And a lot of the colouration that is on these is not a pigment.

(28m 35s)

So it’s not that the scale itself is a certain colour.

(28m 38s)

It’s a structural colouration.

(28m 41s)

So it has to do with the way that light waves actually bounce off of the scale will refract like the colour that you see.

(28m 43s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(28m 52s) Codey:

Um, it’s really, it’s really interesting.

(28m 54s) Chelsea:

That’s.

(28m 56s) Codey:

really scientific and lame.

(28m 59s)

I honestly don’t understand structural colouration, but I just know that it’s really cool because the majority of the time, um, colour is provided with pigmentation, but that’s one of the reasons that butterflies are able to become so crazy colourful.

(29m) Chelsea:

No.

(29m 6s)

Yeah.

(29m 15s) Codey:

Um, and not just butterflies, uh, like all Lebodopterans is because they have structural colouration instead.

(29m 21s)

Um, so the butterflies are within the super-order papilion.

(29m 28s)

Oh my gosh, Papilionidia.

(29m 30s)

Um, and the butterflies, you can tell a butterfly from a moth by the antennae.

(29m 35s)

So butterfly have clubbed antennae.

(29m 38s)

So at the end of their antenna.

(29m 41s)

They will have a little tiny club on it.

(29m 42s)

Um, I think there, I mean, there’s, there are other things that can that can differentiate, but that’s like a really easy one to see.

(29m 43s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(29m 51s) Codey:

There are 7 families of butterflies.

(29m 55s)

And, um, about 20,000 described species.

(29m 58s)

A couple of the families that I think are really cool include Papiliana Day, so this is the family that the super family is named after.

(30m 6s)

These are the swallow tails.

(30m 8s)

They are so named because of the quote unquote tales on some of them.

(30m 13s)

So when you’re watching them fly.

(30m 15s)

They have these 2 parts of their wings that kind of jut out the back, just like a barn swallow or a tree swallow, violet green swallow.

(30m 25s)

Like all of these swallows like kind of have these like 2 pointed parts when they’re flying.

(30m 28s)

Um, what I think is cool because I’m always, we’re Pokemon nerds.

(30m 33s)

Um, caterpee is based off of a swallow tail caterpillar.

(30m 37s)

It’s a specific it’s the spice bush swallow tail, which actually spice bush is.

(30m 38s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(30m 43s) Codey:

a native plant to my region.

(30m 44s)

So I’ve been able to find these things like in the real.

(30m 48s) Chelsea:

That’s exciting.

(30m 48s) Codey:

And there are, I mean, there are other swallow tail caterpillars kind of will look very similar, but, um, the spice, spice, 0 my goodness, spice, bush, swallow tail, is the one that like it 100% is based off of.

(31m 2s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(31m 2s) Codey:

Um, Butterfree doesn’t really look like an adult though.

(31m 6s) Chelsea:

I was gonna ask, is the, uh, is butter free, it look like the actual next stage?

(31m 10s) Codey:

Um, I no, not really.

(31m 11s) Chelsea:

Not really.

(31m 12s)

You mean it doesn’t have a pink bow?

(31m 15s) Codey:

No.

(31m 15s) Chelsea:

Like the pink, like the pink butter free.

(31m 17s) Codey:

No, like the shiny one.

(31m 20s)

Um, The only thing, uh, that I’ll say about this family is that the largest butterfly is within this, this family, so the largest butterfly in the world is the Queen Alexandra’s Birdwing.

(31m 21s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(31m 32s) Codey:

It’s uh, native to Papua, New Guinea, and it has an almost uh, one foot or 28 centimetre wingspan.

(31m 41s) Chelsea:

Oh my goodness.

(31m 41s) Codey:

Thick.

(31m 42s) Chelsea:

I was going to say, in my experience as an animal crossing player.

(31m 47s) Codey:

Yeah, yeah.

(31m 47s) Chelsea:

Because that’s worth so much.

(31m 49s) Codey:

Yeah.

(31m 50s) Chelsea:

No, yeah.

(31m 53s) Codey:

Yeah, Animal Crossing has a lot of butterflies in it.

(31m 55s)

Um, another butterfly family is Nymphaliday.

(31m 59s)

So these are the brush footed butterflies.

(32m 1s)

And many of the species within this family.

(32m 5s)

Their 1st pair of legs is modified into brushes, which I think are used for mating.

(32m 12s)

I don’t know if we really know, or at least I don’t really know.

(32m 15s)

It could also be for, like, feeding or something, it could be a species dependent.

(32m 21s)

Who knows?

(32m 21s)

Um, and this family includes the fritillaries, which are really pretty orange butterflies, and then also the monarch.

(32m 30s)

So, uh, the monarch of of migratory butterfly fame, where they’re just an amazing example of long scale migration where they overwinter in Mexico, but then they disperse and into the breeding grounds up through North America.

(32m 49s)

Do you get them all the way up into Canada?

(32m 51s) Chelsea:

Uh, we did.

(32m 53s) Codey:

Oh, oh.

(32m 53s) Chelsea:

That sounds so depressing.

(32m 56s)

I’ve seen a few, not nearly as much as when I was younger.

(32m 57s) Codey:

Yeah.

(33m) Chelsea:

But they are.

(33m 1s) Codey:

Yeah.

(33m 1s)

They are also a great example of a success story where us, we realised that some of them were declining because of their lack of food and specifically the larval host plant.

(33m 17s)

So a lot of butterflies and moths don’t have a specific thing that they go to necessarily as an adult.

(33m 24s)

It has to do with what their larvae eat.

(33m 28s)

So monarch, monarchs are so reliant on milkweed, which are plants in the genus Asclepias, flowers on the genius Asclepias.

(33m 36s)

And part of it, part of the reason why they have this type, like, um, co-evolved relationship is because the caterpillars will consume the, the milkweed, and there is a toxin that the milkweed secretes, that are cardentolides, but the monarch caterpillars will sequester these and basically use them.

(33m 59s)

It’s like if you were to try, like the, the, The milkweed’s like trying to rob a bank and it has a gun and the monarch caterpillar is like takes the gun and is like your, your move.

(34m 10s) Chelsea:

No, yeah.

(34m 13s)

Yeah, we have some milk weed in our yard.

(34m 14s) Codey:

Um,

(34m 15s)

Yeah, so that’s, Yeah, so that’s, the milkweed is a really good.

(34m 16s) Chelsea:

Uh, I try to keep it.

(34m 21s) Codey:

It’s also just a very beneficial plant, uh, like not just for a larva host plant, but also just as a nectaring plant for other for other pollinators.

(34m 31s)

So it’s just a good plant to have in general, but because of this need, the fact that the monarch is so closely tied to it, a lot of of milkweed has been planted across the United States, um, to try and provide like these stopping places for the monarchs because they need them like as they fly, um, north as well because the adults also really like nectar on it.

(34m 59s)

They’ll nectar on other things, but they like it.

(35m 1s)

Um,

(35m 2s) Chelsea:

Did they get like drunk like bees do, like happy in the flower?

(35m 5s) Codey:

Uh, I don’t think that they do necessarily, but the bees really, the bees do.

(35m 11s) Chelsea:

Take a whole bath in it.

(35m 11s) Codey:

Yeah.

(35m 12s)

Well, in some be, so some milkweed species, uh, are actually kind of sticky. Like, and so you might even, I’ve actually seen like honeybees that got stuck to the milkweed and died because they couldn’t leave the flower, which is like, I think it has to do with the way that the milkweed disperses their pollen.

(35m 27s) Chelsea:

Oh no.

(35m 28s)

Oh.

(35m 33s) Codey:

They have these, like, capsules called pellenia and, um, they stick to the bee.

(35m 40s)

But if they, but if they like stick to the beat and also stick to the plant, you’re kind of screwed.

(35m 45s)

But I don’t know.

(35m 45s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(35m 47s) Codey:

I’ve just seen it a few times and been like, oof, that sucks, bud.

(35m 51s) Chelsea:

Yes. How fun.

(35m 52s) Codey:

Tough luck.

(35m 54s)

Um, the next family is Licenids.

(35m 57s)

Uh, these are the blues or the gossamer winged butterflies.

(36m)

I love this family because 75% of them are what is known as mermecophylus, which means ant loving.

(36m 8s)

So they either the larvae either eat the caterpillars, either eat ant larvae, or the caterpillars will be deposited near an ant colony, or like as an egg, they’ll be deposited, and then they’ll hatch, and then they’ll be near an ant colony, and they kind of will send some type of signal that makes it so the ants want to take them into their colony.

(36m 33s)

And then they will induce the ants to feed them.

(36m 37s)

And they basically just get fed by the ants until they’re ready to pupate and then they like crawl out and pupate and then become a butterfly.

(36m 39s) Chelsea:

Wow.

(36m 47s)

That’s crazy.

(36m 47s) Codey:

But so many of these.

(36m 50s)

And there’s a lot of, because answer, we’ll talk about it later, but ants are so ubiquitous.

(36m 55s)

They’re everywhere.

(36m 56s)

They’re so successful.

(36m 57s)

There are a lot.

(36m 59s)

of mermecophilus, uh, organisms, whether it’s a fungus or a, there are beetles that they live entirely in ant nests.

(37m 7s)

Um, there are flies that, um, one thing that we learned in Costa Rica is that there’s this family of flies that lays, so they are parasitoids of there’s some species in the family that are parasitoids of ants.

(37m 22s)

And one ant.

(37m 25s)

could have been parasitised by 5 different flies, like 5 different species of this one family, because like one will specialise in the head, and one specialises in the legs, and one specialises in the thorax.

(37m 32s) Chelsea:

Oh my god.

(37m 42s) Codey:

And so like, And they also, so these are forward flies, P-H-O-R-I-D-A-E.

(37m 43s) Chelsea:

Oh my goodness.

(37m 49s) Codey:

And they, some of them are actually known as ant decapitating flies because they will, like, use their, they’ll lay their egg like in the ant’s neck.

(38m 1s)

And then chewed through the ants neck a little bit, I think, in some way.

(38m 6s)

And then the ant’s head falls off, but then the larvae’s like been deposited in it, and then the larvae will just eat the ant’s like brain. And like all of that.

(38m 17s) Chelsea:

Well, that’s a circle of life, baby.

(38m 17s) Codey:

Yeah, it’s it’s nuts.

(38m 19s) Chelsea:

Wow.

(38m 19s) Codey:

Uh, so, so, but these, the thing that is just so interesting to me about Mermecophyllus butterflies, have, have, they’ve just like, they’ve gone vegan, right?

(38m 32s)

They’re like, we eat plants and we, our larvae eat plants and we eat plants and that’s, and like we eat flour.

(38m 39s)

We love flowers.

(38m 40s)

And then lycinids or like hold my beer.

(38m 43s)

I’m gonna revert.

(38m 44s) Chelsea:

Yeah, I’m eating my host.

(38m 45s) Codey:

Like, I’m gonna revert to having, like, it’s either being carnivorous or just being parasitic on these.

(38m 54s) Chelsea:

Wow.

(38m 56s) Codey:

Yeah, there’s always an exception.

(38m 58s)

There’s always an exception.

(39m) Chelsea:

The ants don’t discriminate.

(39m 1s)

They like, oh, you’re part of us now.

(39m 3s) Codey:

Yeah.

(39m 3s) Chelsea:

And this is how they get rewarded.

(39m 3s) Codey:

You smell right.

(39m 5s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(39m 5s) Codey:

Like, it’s usually that the lycenid caterpillars will emit a fair, like, um, emit like a smell or something that will be.

(39m 13s)

Yeah, it’s nuts.

(39m 14s)

Um, that.

(39m 16s)

Oh, sorry, did you like that one?

(39m 18s)

Okay.

(39m 19s)

Um, so that is the butterflies that I’m going to talk about.

(39m 22s)

I’m going to move on to the moths now.

(39m 24s)

So moths can be identified differentiated from butterflies because they’re antennae are not clubbed.

(39m 31s)

And often the males have plumose antenna, which is feathery.

(39m 35s)

So if you’ve ever seen a male, um, what you think is a butterfly or a moth and it’s got these big feathers coming out of its head.

(39m 43s)

It’s a moth and it’s male.

(39m 44s)

Um, Yeah.

(39m 45s) Chelsea:

They’re always in our mudroom, all the time, every night.

(39m 49s) Codey:

The big ones?

(39m 49s) Chelsea:

Going to that light.

(39m 50s)

Yeah.

(39m 51s) Codey:

Oh, that’s so cool.

(39m 53s)

Yeah, they’re very drawn to lights.

(39m 56s)

So moths are also, for the most part, butterflies are active in the day and moths are active in the night.

(40m 4s)

So a lot of moths, because they’re, they don’t mean to have these like bright showy colours.

(40m 8s)

They’re not trying to attract based on a physical appearance.

(40m 12s)

It’s usually through pheromones.

(40m 13s)

Um, They’ll be really drab too.

(40m 17s)

So there’s there’s a lot of brown.

(40m 18s)

There’s a lot of like lighter colours, like you’re, yeah, you’re not, there are not that many mods that have like blue or red or yellow or anything like that.

(40m 20s) Chelsea:

Yeah, we have like the yellowish looking one.

(40m 29s) Codey:

There are some, but it’s not as common.

(40m 31s)

Um, and they’re also because they’re nocturnal and active during the night.

(40m 37s)

They usually use the moon to fly, um, and to orient their flight. And any light outside is a big moon to them.

(40m 46s)

So.

(40m 47s) Chelsea:

Boy, is that making me emotional?

(40m 48s) Codey:

Yeah.

(40m 48s) Chelsea:

I’m like, oh.

(40m 49s) Codey:

It is unfortunate.

(40m 50s) Chelsea:

The moon brought you here.

(40m 52s) Codey:

Um, light pollution is one of the ways that we are impacting not just insects, but like wildlife in general.

(41m 2s)

Um, so every time you drive by a stadium and you see, it’s like nighttime and there’s not a single thing happening and there’s these giant huge stadium lights on.

(41m 10s)

Shake your fist because it’s really frustrating.

(41m 13s) Chelsea:

I know, then you see the swarm of bugs around it, probably thinking like, oh, this is where I need to be right now.

(41m 13s) Codey:

They shouldn’t.

(41m 17s)

Yeah.

(41m 17s)

Yeah.

(41m 19s)

Um, so some of the moths that I’ve pointed, uh, pulled out.

(41m 23s)

So there’s the bagworm moths, which are the family psycheady.

(41m 26s)

So the larvae will create bags or cases out of sticks that help them camouflage.

(41m 32s)

So then you might just see like a little bundle of sticks, just like walking around.

(41m 36s)

Um, and this is, yeah, this is the type of moth that the Pokemon Burmy is based on.

(41m 38s) Chelsea:

They don’t mind me.

(41m 44s)

Okay, hate it.

(41m 44s) Codey:

Because Burmie, like, like, depending on where a Burmie is, it will build different a different type of case.

(41m 52s)

And then,

(41m 53s) Chelsea:

Yeah, it was a different colour.

(41m 53s) Codey:

And also female bagworms.

(41m 57s)

So some species of female by worms, like they, they will, they might not even have, they might not even, like, Winners in that, because I don’t know if that’s true.

(42m 6s)

Period.

(42m 8s)

I might be conflating uh 2 different things.

(42m 11s)

Um, so then there’s this other family of moths that kind of takes this to the next level.

(42m 18s)

So, the family is uh, cosmopter, terridity, and the genus specifically is hyposmocoma, and there is an uncurrently unnamed, but has been mentioned, and we know of it, and they’re working on describing it, species within this genus, that is called the bone collector caterpillar.

(42m 41s) Chelsea:

That is metal as heck.

(42m 42s) Codey:

And this is just, so this is from the article, and I’ve linked the article if y’all want to see it.

(42m 47s)

The article, um, that kind of talks about these because this is from Hawaii. Um, and some of the researchers that that found this thing.

(42m 56s)

They did a press release.

(42m 58s)

And, uh, quote, however, while its cousins adorn themselves with sticks and shells for camouflage, the bone collector decorates its case with weevil heads, beetle abdomens and moulted spider exoskeletons.

(43m 12s) Chelsea:

That is so cool.

(43m 15s) Codey:

I have no idea what, like, nature go home, you’re drunk.

(43m 19s)

Like, why?

(43m 20s)

Why?

(43m 21s) Chelsea:

Making things up at this point.

(43m 23s) Codey:

Like this moth was just like, mm, y’all have some lame stuff.

(43m 28s)

I like these beetleheads.

(43m 30s)

Like, imagine, imagine.

(43m 30s) Chelsea:

Let me just uh, collect some bones.

(43m 33s) Codey:

Like being a caterpillar and just walking through.

(43m 36s)

I guess there’s that like meme of like someone looking at different things and like, mm, no, no.

(43m 42s)

And then they see like this, this caterpillar sees a weevil head and is like, yeah.

(43m 47s)

That’s what I want.

(43m 48s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(43m 52s)

Sweet horrors beyond my imagination.

(43m 54s) Codey:

Yeah, so.

(43m 55s) Chelsea:

That’s so cool.

(43m 56s) Codey:

Want to shout that out.

(43m 57s) Chelsea:

That is so, so cool.

(43m 59s) Codey:

Um, I also wanted to mention silk moths.

(44m 2s)

So there is the family bombicity, uh, which has the species bombix mori in it.

(44m 7s)

And that species is the domestic silk moth that has been used for nearly 5000 years in China for silk production.

(44m 17s)

Um, and it has been completely domesticated by them now.

(44m 21s)

Bombix Mori specifically is the domesticated version, I think, domesticated species.

(44m 27s)

And they basically raise these things.

(44m 30s)

And then I think once the, um, what they’re using is the silk that is the cocoon.

(44m 37s)

So I think the, the larva, the caterpillar will make a cocoon, and then once it emerges as a moth, they’ll take that cocoon and that’s what they’ll use to make silk because it’s, it’s, I mean, it’s already there.

(44m 38s) Chelsea:

Okay.

(44m 51s) Codey:

It’s already silk.

(44m 51s)

They’re basically just deconstructing it so that they can use it for their own purposes.

(44m 56s)

Um, but this is an, uh, this has been and continues to be an incredibly huge, um, like, product that comes out of China.

(45m 8s)

Um, So I just, I have to I have to shout it out.

(45m 11s)

Oh, we do have silk moths elsewhere in the world.

(45m 14s)

Um, like the Saturneids in North America.

(45m 18s)

I mean, they’re not just in North America, but they the biggest, they are the biggest moths in North America.

(45m 22s)

So the Saturnid moths include like the Atlas moths, the Cecropia moths, Polyphemus moths, like some of these are just really, really big moths.

(45m 31s)

Um, and they’re real fun.

(45m 34s)

I once was walking.

(45m 36s)

I was doing research in the woods.

(45m 38s)

And I was just like walking through trees.

(45m 40s)

I had to like push trees aside, like young trees aside to like get to where I was going and kind of weave it, ducking and weaving it through this undergrowth.

(45m 48s)

And I like come upon just a giant moth that had just probably emerged because she was still very thick.

(45m 59s)

They usually emerge and then they poop.

(46m 1s)

Um,

(46m 2s)

It’s called a maconium.

(46m 4s)

Uh, the babies do it too.

(46m 5s) Chelsea:

Yes.

(46m 6s) Codey:

I’ve heard.

(46m 8s)

Um, but they emerge and then they, so I don’t think she’d, she had uh, done that yet.

(46m 15s)

And she was still unfurling her wings.

(46m 17s) Chelsea:

Fresh out of it.

(46m 17s) Codey:

Yeah, fresh out of it.

(46m 19s)

They basically crawl up and then they pump their wings up because their wings are all crumpled.

(46m 25s)

And like the wings were not fully like uncrumpled.

(46m 28s)

But it was just a beautiful Cecropium off.

(46m 31s)

These are red and white giant moths.

(46m 35s)

And I was just like, what is this?

(46m 37s)

I hadn’t ever seen one of those before.

(46m 38s) Chelsea:

Hello.

(46m 40s) Codey:

Um, so cool.

(46m 42s)

And, uh, yeah, uh, the largest moth is also in the family Saturnity, and it’s the Atlas moth.

(46m 44s) Chelsea:

That’s really cool.

(46m 50s) Codey:

And it’s endemic to Asia. And, uh, again, animal crossing.

(46m 55s) Chelsea:

Yep.

(46m 56s) Codey:

We know all about the Atlas.

(46m 59s) Chelsea:

I always wonder about like the, the species that they chose for animal crossing because I have a friend who’s a palaeontologist and sometimes I’ll send him like screenshots of my museum and then he’ll just tell me about them and I’m like, wow.

(47m 11s) Codey:

Mm-hmm.

(47m 11s) Chelsea:

Cool.

(47m 12s) Codey:

Some of them make sense, and it is really funny, like, they’ll have ones like that where it’s like the Atlas Moth, and I’m like, yes, period.

(47m 19s)

That is uh, a moth.

(47m 22s)

And then they’ll have other ones where it’s like, bumblebee.

(47m 25s)

And I’m like, okay, there’s like a 100 bumblebee species.

(47m 27s)

So, like, which one is? Or, like, stag beetle.

(47m 31s)

And I’m like, okay.

(47m 32s) Chelsea:

Dang Beetle.

(47m 33s)

They try.

(47m 35s)

They try to diversify it a little bit, but.

(47m 35s) Codey:

It’s just hard.

(47m 37s)

Um, but speaking of Beatles,

(47m 38s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(47m 40s) Codey:

We’ll move on to the Beatles now.

(47m 42s)

So coleoptera is the name of the order, and coleoptera means sheath wing.

(47m 48s)

And this, they are so named because they’re 4 wings.

(47m 52s)

So there’s normally 4 pairs of wings, the 4 or like front wings and the hind wings.

(47m 57s)

And in beetles, the 4 wings, so the front ones are modified into a sheath, uh, known as the elytra.

(48m 5s)

If you’ve ever played Minecraft, you know that the elytra are pretty dope.

(48m 9s)

You can fly with them.

(48m 10s)

Um, but basically these provide a hardcover that they can then fold their their hindwings that they used to fly like up under there.

(48m 21s)

So some people think that beetles don’t even have wings because, I mean, 9 times at a time when you see a beetle, it’s like crawling around.

(48m 29s)

But if you bother it enough, it’ll, it’ll open its, um, elytra and the wings are like spring loaded.

(48m 36s)

They like pop out and then they’ll fly and they are not good flyers.

(48m 40s)

Beatles suck at flying.

(48m 41s) Chelsea:

No.

(48m 42s) Codey:

They’re so clumsy.

(48m 43s) Chelsea:

Yeah, we’ve seen a few where like the kids will be looking at it and then it’ll just kind of pop up and they’re like, what?

(48m 50s) Codey:

It can be very, it can be very startling.

(48m 50s) Chelsea:

And then it kind of bumbles away.

(48m 55s) Codey:

Um.

(48m 57s)

This is a quote from uh, Wikipedia, the roughly 400,000 species make up about 40% of all arthropod species so far described, and about 25% of all animals.

(49m 12s)

One in 4 animals.

(49m 13s) Chelsea:

Wow.

(49m 15s) Codey:

Beatles be awesome.

(49m 17s)

Um, So far that we know of.

(49m 18s) Chelsea:

So far that we know of.

(49m 21s) Codey:

So some papers, uh, some of the more recent papers that are trying to get an estimate of what the true diversity is, have estimated around 1500000 Beetle species, which means that we haven’t even found a 3rd of them.

(49m 32s) Chelsea:

Wow.

(49m 35s)

We’re so…

(49m 35s) Codey:

We are not even a 3rd of the way through the Beatles.

(49m 39s)

and the Beatles are everywhere.

(49m 41s)

Um, there’s about 170 described families.

(49m 42s) Chelsea:

Wow.

(49m 45s) Codey:

And I just love, uh, there, there was an evolutionary biologist named J.B.S Halding that, uh, when he was looking at, uh, thinking, he was talking about theologians and Christians, and as an evolutionary biologist, he was talking to them and said, well, of, of your god, uh, he must have an inordinate fondness for beetles because there’s a heck ton of these.

(50m 10s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(50m 11s) Codey:

But the exact quote is an inordinate fondness for beetles.

(50m 16s)

And that is just, we just, God was a bug collector.

(50m 17s) Chelsea:

God was a book collector.

(50m 20s) Codey:

God loved bugs, you guys.

(50m 21s)

So if you’re, if you are a true, true Christian, you should probably, uh, love bugs a little bit more.

(50m 29s)

Not fear them as much.

(50m 30s) Chelsea:

Oh, you’re a true Christian.

(50m 31s)

What are your 10 favourite beetles?

(50m 33s) Codey:

Oh my god, I almost, I was taking a drink of water and I almost spit it across.

(50m 41s)

Okay.

(50m 43s)

Um, let me see where I want to do.

(50m 47s)

Okay.

(50m 47s)

The, um, of Beatles, the most diverse Beatle family are the rove beetles, uh, Staphylinity.

(50m 55s)

These.

(50m 56s)

I forgot to make notes for this, so I’m just gonna riff.

(50m 58s)

Um, these Beatles are often, uh, detritivores.

(51m 3s)

They often will eat like things that are breaking down and decaying.

(51m 7s)

Um, and they just, they have so many different shapes and sizes.

(51m 12s)

There are so many families or things that we thought were an entirely different family, that it’s like, mm, nope, it’s a rope beetle, actually.

(51m 20s)

Um,

(51m 21s)

We make jokes in the museum that I’ve worked at and then also just museums, uh, elsewhere that people, I know, some of my friends, where if you can’t, if you’re trying to identify a beetle, if you’re going through the dichotomous key and trying to figure out which beetle it is and you’re just stumped, it’s probably a rove beetle.

(51m 39s)

It’s probably just a really weird one.

(51m 40s) Chelsea:

Just throw it over there.

(51m 42s) Codey:

Because, like, the thing about Rove Beatles is that the one of they don’t really have a quote unquote defining characteristic because the what used to be considered the defining characteristic is that they’re Elytra are incredibly short.

(51m 54s)

So they basically have, like, for most beetles, when you think of a beetle, you don’t see any of the abdomen, because the entire abdomen is covered with that sheath, that, um, they’re elytra, but staphylinids have a really shortened elytra.

(52m 9s)

So some of their abdominal segments are exposed, usually up to 4 of them, 4 or more of them.

(52m 15s)

But then, of course, because there’s always an exception, people found rove beetles that don’t have that necessarily.

(52m 22s)

There are some that are like, and they’re usually like flat and thin, and then of course we found some that are like chonky.

(52m 29s)

Um, oh, they normally are pretty sleek.

(52m 33s)

Nope, we found some that are really like ribbed or ridged.

(52m 37s)

like they have like a lot of,

(52m 38s) Chelsea:

Out into the church.

(52m 39s) Codey:

Yeah, it’s like, nope, they did that too.

(52m 42s)

And we basically, you know, from, from just looking at them morphologically and and trying to figure out what they are, just how they look, they might seem like a different species.

(52m 52s)

But then looking at the DNA.

(52m 54s)

We realise, oh, no, they’re still, they’re still within, within this family.

(52m 59s)

Um, So this family might get broken up eventually.

(53m 3s)

We don’t know, or it might or we might, it might continue to subsume all of the other Beatles.

(53m 8s)

Um, we don’t know.

(53m 10s)

But they’re really cool.

(53m 11s)

Um, and then I just had to shout out my favourite Beatle family.

(53m 19s)

These are, so it’s the family cryptofagedy.

(53m 23s)

Uh, that name means feeding in hidden places because for a long time.

(53m 28s)

They really didn’t know what they ate.

(53m 30s)

So they were like, I don’t know.

(53m 31s)

I don’t know what they eat.

(53m 32s)

So let’s just call them.

(53m 33s) Chelsea:

Something is sustaining them somewhere.

(53m 34s) Codey:

Yeah, I don’t know what they eat.

(53m 36s)

So let’s just call them unknown eating, like crypto fagid.

(53m 40s)

That’s just what we’re going to call them.

(53m 42s)

Um, but they are, uh, both the adults and the larvae appear to feed exclusively on fungus, but the fungus can be in some really weird situations, like, the fungus that grows on animal fur that has been shed or bird feathers that have been shed.

(54m 2s)

Um, And then some also do like rotting wood, whatever.

(54m 6s)

And so that has given them their common name of silken fungus beetles.

(54m 11s)

And they’re called silken because they have they have a good amount of usually hair, like really fine hair all over their body.

(54m 17s)

And they also are just this, they’re usually this little, um, like, light caramel colour.

(54m 24s)

They really cute.

(54m 24s)

But the big thing.

(54m 27s)

If you’re not sold, I have to refer you to the genus Antherophagus, which means flower eating.

(54m 33s)

These are known as the bumblebee riding beetles.

(54m 38s) Chelsea:

Adorable.

(54m 39s) Codey:

So I have, I have put a picture of this in the show notes.

(54m 39s) Chelsea:

This photo needs to be everywhere.

(54m 47s) Codey:

So either go look at it or just look up this genus.

(54m 50s)

Um, or just look up Bumblebee Riding beetles, uh, specifically look it up in Bugguide.net, which is the website, uh, that a lot of us, that a lot of North American entomologists use.

(55m 1s)

There’s a lot of really good photos on there of these things.

(55m 5s)

So what they do is they will sometimes cling to either the mouth parts or the antennae or the legs, whatever, of bumblebees, so that they can be carried to the nests because they specialise on fungus that is growing on detritus inside of bumblebee nests.

(55m 22s) Chelsea:

Interesting.

(55m 23s) Codey:

But they are just so, so basically the image for people who might not, um, look, might not see it or what, so it’s basically a bumblebee and her tongue is out, like fully.

(55m 33s)

out, like her tongue is just like real straight out.

(55m 36s)

And on the end of it, there’s just this beetle that is just maunched down.

(55m 42s) Chelsea:

I am enamoured with this.

(55m 44s)

It is so adorable.

(55m 46s) Codey:

Just looks like this beat hole.

(55m 46s) Chelsea:

And the people also look super offended too.

(55m 48s) Codey:

Yeah, this beetle’s like, excuse me, leave me alone.

(55m 49s) Chelsea:

Do you mind?

(55m 51s)

Yeah.

(55m 51s) Codey:

Just take me to your house.

(55m 53s) Chelsea:

Take me home.

(55m 54s) Codey:

Um, yeah.

(55m 56s)

So that’s my favourite family of Beatles.

(55m 58s)

I just had to shout them out.

(56m)

Um, we also have, so now moving on to another family.

(56m 4s)

There’s the family Sal Pingidi.

(56m 6s)

I chose these because I love, these are very similar to staffs where like they kind of do everything.

(56m 11s)

Um, and this is likely a junk drawer family.

(56m 15s)

So I’ve talked in previous episodes about junk drawer, taxa, or waste, waste basket, taxons, or whatever, where it’s basically, if you can’t, if you can’t describe it in any particular way, that it can fit into your category, your nice little categories that you’ve made, if it doesn’t fit into any of those, you just put it into the other family, basically, or like the other, it’s one of those.

(56m 37s) Chelsea:

Okay.

(56m 38s) Codey:

And that’s what cell pinges in my mind are.

(56m 41s)

Um, There are, uh, there’s a person who studies Staphalinids, who works.

(56m 48s)

One of my friends works at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History in Pittsburgh.

(56m 52s)

Her name is Ainsley Sego.

(56m 53s)

And she posted on Blue Sky, this like thread about Sal Pingids, that haunts me to this day, where she was like, Sal Pingids can just do anything.

(57m 2s)

And she posted a picture of something and she’s like, what Beetle family do you think this is?

(57m 6s)

And then the next comment or something was like, nope, it’s not a, a ladybird beetle, a ladybug.

(57m 13s)

It’s actually a cell pinged.

(57m 15s)

Or like, oh, you think this is a weevil?

(57m 16s)

Nope, it’s a cell pinged.

(57m 18s)

And it was just like, what the heck?

(57m 20s)

Like it’s just another.

(57m 22s)

frigging anomaly.

(57m 25s)

And I’m just like, are you freaking kidding me?

(57m 26s)

And then,

(57m 27s) Chelsea:

Oh, you thought?

(57m 27s) Codey:

And then as I was looking in my personal notes for this family to see what I had, I just, I just took from my notes exactly what I wrote.

(57m 36s)

Um, so the 1st part, the 1st 2 statements is Beetle talk.

(57m 42s)

So just, I just wanted to let you guys know, this is the type of words that we use to describe, um, different Beatles.

(57m 51s)

So, uh, South Pinges have closed procoxyl cavities and laterally closed misocoxyl cavities.

(57m 58s)

So that’s some of that speak.

(58m)

Um, but then I have a really fun note that says head lacking a neck, like a football player.

(58m 7s) Chelsea:

Oh my.

(58m 7s) Codey:

I don’t know where.

(58m 9s)

So I don’t, I didn’t, I didn’t write where I, like it, it was probably when I was at Beatles school in Arizona that I just, like, was taking notes and I just wrote this down, but just, like, what the heck?

(58m 10s) Chelsea:

Take that.

(58m 20s) Codey:

Um, and then I also wrote that the subfamilies are all probably distinct families question mark, and that’s that, again, since this is a drunk drawer tags on, like, things that are thrown into it are probably their own thing.

(58m 33s)

We just haven’t, we’ll just get to that later.

(58m 34s) Chelsea:

They’re like we’ll get to that later.

(58m 36s) Codey:

Yeah.

(58m 38s)

Um, okay.

(58m 40s)

And then the last one.

(58m 44s)

I got to fix it.

(58m 44s)

Okay.

(58m 45s)

The last Beetle family I want to talk about is Kirkulianade.

(58m 48s)

So these are the weevils.

(58m 49s)

I had to mention the weevils.

(58m 50s)

Um, The weevils are well known for uh, their boots and their snoots.

(58m 57s)

So if you go to the Reddit subreddit, our weevil time, so R slash weevil time, this is an entire subreddit that’s just dedicated to people posting photos about weevils.

(59m 8s)

And like a lot of these people are not entomologists.

(59m 10s)

They just find.

(59m 11s) Chelsea:

No, they just, they have a passion for this.

(59m 11s) Codey:

They just find them and they’re like, I found one.

(59m 14s)

And talking to non-entomologists, if I mention weevils.

(59m 18s) Chelsea:

Oh my god, I’m sorry, I’m on it now.

(59m 18s) Codey:

They’re like, oh.

(59m 18s)

You, yeah, you looked a photo.

(59m 20s) Chelsea:

Look at these divas.

(59m 21s) Codey:

Yeah.

(59m 21s)

Uh, people, even a toxin non-entomologist, and I just mentioned weevils.

(59m 26s)

And they like, oh, boots and snoots.

(59m 28s)

So I had to, I had to blurb that.

(59m 28s) Chelsea:

Boots of?

(59m 31s) Codey:

Um, and they say boobs since newts because for boots, uh, they have really large uh, feet.

(59m 37s)

So each of their leg, uh, each of their tarsi, like the, the, um, part of the leg that is the farthest away from the body, each of those are like clubbed almost, like they have like really big ridges on them and like this, they’re pads on either side of the leg.

(59m 57s)

So, and it looks like boots.

(59m 58s)

Some of them can look like they got some really big boots on.

(1h 1s)

got large feet.

(1h 2s)

And then snoots.

(1h 2s) Chelsea:

I got their high heels clanking on the ground.

(1h 3s) Codey:

They got they got those heels, man.

(1h 6s)

And then snoots because they have a long, what is it called, a rostrum.

(1h 9s)

Uh, it’s the nose, basically.

(1h 12s)

And a lot of them have their antenna coming off of their rostrum.

(1h 17s)

So instead of the antennae coming off like near the eyes or whatever.

(1h 20s)

They basically have this a long, like, long nose, and somewhere down that ridge, they’re in Jenny.

(1h 26s)

And they’re just…

(1h 28s) Chelsea:

Such a weird, I love it.

(1h 29s) Codey:

They’re so weird.

(1h 29s) Chelsea:

I’m obsessed with this

(1h 31s) Codey:

They’re so weird.

(1h 32s)

and I love them.

(1h 34s)

And so I wanted to mention them, but I also wanted to mention that this, there’s a great example of, um, using uh, a digital platform.

(1h 46s)

monitor biodiversity.

(1h 47s)

So I talked about eye naturalist, which is an application that you can use that you can basically take photos of bugs in real time and like you quote unquote catch them all or whatever.

(1h 56s)

It doesn’t even have to be bugs.

(1h 57s)

It can be plants, it can be animals.

(1h 59s)

It’s just any type of life.

(1h 1m)

It could be a fungus.

(1h 1m 2s)

And so, uh, the, the title, this article, this, I don’t, I think this is a journal manuscript, uh, quote, rediscovery of the greater chestnut weevil highlights the power of digital platforms in biodiversity research and conservation.

(1h 1m 14s)

And the story basically is that we entomologists thought that the greater chestnut weevil was extinct, because of the fact that a lot of the American chestnut, the tree, was wiped out by this blight, um, that occurred in the last like 100 years or whatever.

(1h 1m 34s)

So there are significantly fewer chestnuts now than there ever were across North America.

(1h 1m 40s)

And the greater chestnut weevil specialises on their on, um, their seeds.

(1h 1m 48s)

So, because, um, the chestnut’s gone, the weevil was pretty much gone as well.

(1h 1m 55s)

And it hadn’t been seen, and I want to say 30 years, a 30 or 40 years, until someone, like a Beatle expert was on a naturalist and was looking at, uh, a closely related species, like the pictures that people had posted of a closely related species and they were like, wait a minute, that’s not, that’s not that species.

(1h 2m 15s)

That’s his other species.

(1h 2m 17s)

And they got in contact with the person, and then they went to the area that the person had taken a photo of and gone to the chestnuts that are still, because some, there are still some chestnuts holding on, and they went to the chestnuts in the area, and they found some of these things.

(1h 2m 31s)

So this is just another example of they wouldn’t have even known that this thing was still alive, like, and still, um, not extinct if these people hadn’t posted it on my naturalist. So, go post things on INAT, you guys.

(1h 2m 42s) Chelsea:

Wow.

(1h 2m 44s)

Now post some Beatles.

(1h 2m 48s) Codey:

Okay.

(1h 2m 49s)

Moving on to flies.

(1h 2m 51s)

So flies are in the order diptera, which is just 2 wing, die, terra.

(1h 2m 57s)

Um, and they’re known that because they’re hind wings instead of having 4 wings.

(1h 3m 2s)

Their hind wings have been significantly reduced to just orienteering appendages known as halt tears.

(1h 3m 9s)

Um, So they only actually have 2 wings.

(1h 3m 12s)

There are about 150 described species of flies in about 160 families.

(1h 3m 19s)

And the 1st family that I felt obligated to mention is mosquitoes.

(1h 3m 25s)

So mosquitoes in their family, celicity, and they are well renowned because they are the deadliest animal.

(1h 3m 32s)

Um, because of specifically the diseases that they vector.

(1h 3m 37s) Chelsea:

I was going to say I was at the, like, malaria and stuff that they carry.

(1h 3m 37s) Codey:

Yeah, so they themselves do not kill people, but they vector things like malaria and dengue and a bunch of other diseases, like different species will vector different things.

(1h 3m 48s)

Um, they vector so many different things that then kill people.

(1h 3m 52s)

But if it were not for the mosquito, like if the mosquitoes weren’t in existence, these diseases would not spread.

(1h 4m)

So they are a required component for these diseases to spread and for these viruses to kill people.

(1h 4m 7s)

So for that reason, they are considered the deadliest animals.

(1h 4m 11s) Chelsea:

Wow, interesting.

(1h 4m 11s) Codey:

So they are incredibly important for veterinary entomology, and there’s a lot of work that is being done, like with the sterile insect technique, where they are releasing sterilised males so that they will mate with a female, and then the female will not be able to produce viable young.

(1h 4m 25s)

Um, there’s also certain traps that people are trying to develop to put out for certain species of, of, um, mosquito, there are, um, like different, I don’t know, I’m kind of blanking.

(1h 4m 42s)

But there’s just like so many different things, different avenues of research within vector entomology because of the mosquito.

(1h 4m 48s)

Um, and my personal story with mosquitoes is that I almost caught one that was purple and blue in Costa Rica.

(1h 4m 57s) Chelsea:

Wow.

(1h 4m 58s) Codey:

So I put a photo of this, of this, um, mosquito in the show notes, but the species is Sabethy’s Sianius, um, S-A-B, E-T-H-E-S, C-Y-A-N-E-U-S.

(1h 5m 15s)

Um, and it sure is, like, it is, in the photo that I’ve posted, it’s just, you can see most of the blue, but they also have these, like, feathered legs, um, and the legs are, like, purple.

(1h 5m 29s)

And,

(1h 5m 30s) Chelsea:

They’re very metallic looking.

(1h 5m 31s) Codey:

Yeah, and a couple people, when I was at fly school, caught a couple of these.

(1h 5m 31s) Chelsea:

It’s cool.

(1h 5m 36s) Codey:

And so when I saw one, I was like, oh, I want it, but I I meant I lost it, which is fine.

(1h 5m 40s)

But it’s just super, really super interesting thing.

(1h 5m 44s)

Um, along.

(1h 5m 46s)

With mosquitoes, people often hear of mosquito hawks, which refers to crane flies or those within the family to Pulidae.

(1h 5m 54s)

Um,

(1h 5m 56s)

These are very clumsy flights.

(1h 5m 59s)

Like, I don’t know if you, like these, they basically just look like big mosquitoes.

(1h 6m 3s)

Um, and people used to say it was an urban legend that they eat mosquitoes.

(1h 6m 8s)

Um, so it’s not that they’re like a mosquito, but they eat them.

(1h 6m 12s)

That is not true.

(1h 6m 12s)

Um, They eat other things, but they’re just clumsy as

(1h 6m 19s)

Um, and there are like 5 families of crane flies that, uh, the crane fly specialists are still trying to figure out like, okay, are they distinct families?

(1h 6m 30s)

Are they all just one family?

(1h 6m 32s)

So this is, it’s kind of a couple things.

(1h 6m 34s)

So I love this, this group because it’s just an example of an existing like conundrum of, okay, what, how are they related?

(1h 6m 44s)

And it really just takes studying more of them?

(1h 6m 47s)

to find that out?

(1h 6m 48s)

And my personal anecdote, uh, with crane flies is that I found one in Costa Rica that is likely a new genus.

(1h 6m 57s)

So I collected this crane fly in Costa Rica.

(1h 7m 2s)

I thought it was really interesting because it was like orange.

(1h 7m 4s)

So they’re normally very drab colours, but this one was orange and its wings had this really weird colour pattern on it.

(1h 7m 10s)

I’ve posted a link of the exact specimen that I collected that the Dr. Matt Breton, who is the, one of the instructors of the of the fly school.

(1h 7m 19s)

Um, he had a really good camera setup and he had a DSLR like camera staging area to take photos of some of the specimens that we caught.

(1h 7m 28s)

So I actually just brought him the fly alive and he then took photos of it.

(1h 7m 33s)

And then we euthanised it by freezing it.

(1h 7m 37s)

And then I mounted it. And it is now in the, um, Costa Rica Natural History Museum.

(1h 7m 39s) Chelsea:

Okay.

(1h 7m 46s) Codey:

But when Matt, when Dr. Bertone posted it to a naturalist, like, um, uh, crane fly specialist was like, whoa, like, I don’t know what this is.

(1h 7m 57s)

And he was like, I mean, it’s probably this genus.

(1h 8m 1s)

And then they reached back out and they were like, I looked up every single described of this gene, like species of this genus and it’s not any of these things.

(1h 8m 11s)

But and so they, they’re still trying to figure it out.

(1h 8m 13s) Chelsea:

That is so amazing.

(1h 8m 15s) Codey:

There’s, it’s still an active like thing, but when I went to the big bug conference last year and I went to the Dipteras Society meeting, that’s the fly, the fly people’s meeting.

(1h 8m 25s)

Um, Dr. Bertone mentioned that this is possibly a new genus.

(1h 8m 28s)

And I was like, whoa.

(1h 8m 29s)

That’s crazy.

(1h 8m 30s)

Um, Costa Rica, so much undescribed diverse flies, man.

(1h 8m 33s) Chelsea:

Amazing.

(1h 8m 37s) Codey:

Um, speaking of Costa Rica, I have to shout out um, another family that was collect that we collected there that was really interesting.

(1h 8m 45s)

So, um, the picture wing flies or the Euladeids, um, we have them here as well.

(1h 8m 52s)

They just have, they often have dark colouration on their wings.

(1h 8m 55s)

So instead of their wings just being clear.

(1h 8m 57s)

They have like patterns or splotches or whatever, which is why they’re known as picture winged flies.

(1h 9m 2s)

Um, But we found, and they’re normally pretty, pretty simple, like they just, other than that, they look like a normal fly, but we found this one in Costa Rica.

(1h 9m 11s)

Which was already a described species, but it is a

(1h 9m 16s)

Do you see this photo?

(1h 9m 19s) Chelsea:

Yes.

(1h 9m 21s) Codey:

describe to the listeners what you’re seeing.

(1h 9m 24s) Chelsea:

Uh, so it looks like a bug holding up a stick, but I feel like those are its eyes.

(1h 9m 29s) Codey:

Those are its eyes.

(1h 9m 29s) Chelsea:

So it looks like I never had shark or something.

(1h 9m 33s) Codey:

So yeah, it’s like a hammerhead shark fly.

(1h 9m 36s)

But the eye stalks, like, are like twice the fly’s body leg.

(1h 9m 39s) Chelsea:

That is so creep, like.

(1h 9m 43s)

Oh my god.

(1h 9m 43s) Codey:

And this.

(1h 9m 44s) Chelsea:

They they see everything or nothing.

(1h 9m 45s) Codey:

Dude, yeah, so this is a male and the males have this sexual selection of just being, um, like eyes go big, right?

(1h 9m 57s)

Like, that’s like their whole, like, my eyes are bigger than yours.

(1h 9m 59s)

And they basically, when the males are fighting over a female or whatever, they like, they just stare at each other, like face off each other. And then I don’t know how they decide which is superior.

(1h 10m 10s)

But so that’s, this is just sexual selection gone absolutely nuts.

(1h 10m 15s)

because they have these huge stocks and then the eyes are on the end of the stock.

(1h 10m 20s) Chelsea:

This is okay, when I 1st saw it, I’m like, oh, is it holding up a stick? And I’m like, no, that’s his eyes.

(1h 10m 23s) Codey:

No, it just, I, and so someone, someone found this, uh, at the lights, actually.

(1h 10m 25s) Chelsea:

What the heck?

(1h 10m 26s)

Oh my god.

(1h 10m 31s) Codey:

So rather than being in a trap or like being out like in the jungle, like in Costa Rica, it was just at the light at the nature centre. We were…

(1h 10m 43s) Chelsea:

He wanted you to, he wanted to be found.

(1h 10m 44s) Codey:

Yeah, he was like, hey what’s up?

(1h 10m 46s)

And it was really funny because we actually in the room where Dr. Bertone was taking photos because this is another one that Dr. Bertone took photos of.

(1h 10m 54s)

Um, in the room that Dr. Berton was taking photos, this fly actually got out.

(1h 10m 58s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(1h 10m 59s) Codey:

But it’s a closed room.

(1h 10m 59s) Chelsea:

Did y’all see the bug with the crazy eyes?

(1h 11m 2s) Codey:

Yeah, but it’s a closed room and like those eyes, like in the shape that he is, like we, we, we, we always knew where it was.

(1h 11m 3s) Chelsea:

Walking around?

(1h 11m 10s) Codey:

We were like, he’s right, he right there.

(1h 11m 11s) Chelsea:

I got my eye on you.

(1h 11m 15s) Codey:

So we had to catch him, I think, twice.

(1h 11m 17s)

Um, yeah.

(1h 11m 18s) Chelsea:

He’s got to show off his eyes to his lady friends.

(1h 11m 21s)

Come on, he’s got stuff to do.

(1h 11m 22s) Codey:

Yeah, there were, we might, I think we caught a female as well, but like that male, though, that is just, it was absolutely nuts.

(1h 11m 29s)

Um,

(1h 11m 29s) Chelsea:

So do the females have the smaller ones or like do all the, yeah.

(1h 11m 30s) Codey:

Yes, the females just don’t even have it, just like peacocks.

(1h 11m 33s) Chelsea:

Oh, okay.

(1h 11m 34s) Codey:

Like the females just are block.

(1h 11m 38s) Chelsea:

They’re here to impress the females.

(1h 11m 40s) Codey:

Exactly.

(1h 11m 40s)

Um, No.

(1h 11m 41s) Chelsea:

I don’t know how you bow.

(1h 11m 43s)

That’s a Halloween costume idea.

(1h 11m 44s) Codey:

Oh my gosh, it totally is.

(1h 11m 48s)

I don’t, like you could just, you would just get like paper towel holders or like the paper towel rolls, like, and can, like, just make those.

(1h 11m 57s)

Oh my gosh.

(1h 11m 58s)

I should probably I should do that.

(1h 11m 58s) Chelsea:

I’m thinking about it now.

(1h 12m) Codey:

Um, okay.

(1h 12m 3s)

Another fly family, uh, moving on to just basic fly families, less less that I have, less than, okay.

(1h 12m 10s)

I’m saying them not because I have a cool anecdote, but because I think they’re people will often interact with them, um, so one of them is a houseflies.

(1h 12m 21s)

So this is the family muscady or muscade, depending on how you pronounce it.

(1h 12m 26s)

I usually, it’s a silent sea for me normally, because you don’t say science, when you say science, you don’t say science.

(1h 12m 32s)

So it’s a it’s a silent scene for me, y’all.

(1h 12m 33s) Chelsea:

Giant.

(1h 12m 35s) Codey:

Um, But the larvae feed in on dung, carrion soils, nests, decaying vegetation, um, you know, an adult will come and lay eggs in your in your trash can, basically.

(1h 12m 50s)

Like they will, and that’s why they are called houseflies because they are just so ubiquitous in our houses.

(1h 12m 56s)

Um, the adults of some of these species can bite.

(1h 13m)

Not a lot of the North American ones.

(1h 13m 2s)

And they might passively spread agents of typhoid, dysentery, anthrax, and African sleeping sickness.

(1h 13m 9s) Chelsea:

I’m looking at this.

(1h 13m 9s)

I’m like, oh, that’s in our house.

(1h 13m 11s)

Cool.

(1h 13m 12s) Codey:

A lot of these are not.

(1h 13m 14s)

So like, a lot of the, um, disease agents, like the disease has to be active in your area for it to even be a problem.

(1h 13m 21s)

So.

(1h 13m 23s)

For most for the most part in North America, we’re good.

(1h 13m 25s) Chelsea:

Dissentery’s making a comeback, though.

(1h 13m 27s) Codey:

Is it?

(1h 13m 28s)

Oh my gosh.

(1h 13m 29s)

Oh, well, yeah, there we go.

(1h 13m 31s)

If you have houseflies, maybe uh, be careful.

(1h 13m 34s)

Um, And then another thing, as I was looking up the week looking out the Wikipedia for this, uh, another example of entomophage or eating bugs, um, the quote here is, however, housefly larvae are as nutritious as fish meal and could be used to convert waste to insect-based animal feed for farmed fish and livestock.

(1h 13m 57s)

So they are a very effective thing to feed to fish if you have like a hatchery situation or to farmed livestock, other livestock.

(1h 14m 7s)

So cool.

(1h 14m 9s)

Especially because they grow they reproduce so fast and so prolifically.

(1h 14m 14s)

Um, that this is a, an organism that would be very easy to farm itself.

(1h 14m 20s)

Like, it’s very easy for us to, like, create a bunch of housewives. Housewives, that we could then turn into something else.

(1h 14m 26s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(1h 14m 28s) Codey:

So it’s a good, uh, good possibility for future insect farming.

(1h 14m 34s)

And then the last fly family are the Drosophalids, um, or the vinegar flies.

(1h 14m 40s)

Sometimes people call these fruit flies, but there’s another fly family that are called the fruit flies.

(1h 14m 44s)

This is Tifridity, but Drosophilids are mostly attracted to vinegar, which of course some fruits when they start fermenting.

(1h 14m 52s)

They smell like vinegar, so or they are vinegar, whatever.

(1h 14m 55s)

Um, but the biggest thing about, uh, Drosophalids that I wanted to mention is the species Drosophylla Milanagaster, because this was the 1st insect genome to be entirely sequenced, uh, in 2000.

(1h 15m 7s)

And just off them, Lanagaster remains one of the most studied organisms, because it is a perfect, it’s a very good organism for study.

(1h 15m 18s)

Um, particularly in genetics, developmental biology, and environmental mutagen- mutagenesis, um, which I had to look that up because I was like, excuse me.

(1h 15m 28s)

And environmental mutagenesis is just the study of how environmental agents, like chemicals or radiation, alter your genetic material, often leading to mutation.

(1h 15m 38s)

Makes sense.

(1h 15m 39s)

But Drossophil and Lanagaster, because we’ve already, we already understand the genome in its entirety, we can now go in with technologies like CRISPR, where they can go and edit some of the genes and we can actually start understanding, okay, this gene, when we messed with it, this is what happened.

(1h 15m 59s)

So this gene is important for the development of eyes or whatever or like this type of behaviour or what have you.

(1h 16m 8s)

And this isn’t necessarily going to lead to big things for people.

(1h 16m 15s)

But it has helped us understand, um, other insects.

(1h 16m 21s)

And by understanding the genome and understanding how messing with certain uh, sections of the of your genome can impact like the the health of the organism or something, we can actually, that’s one of the ways that they do like steril insect technique, for example.

(1h 16m 36s)

Um, and I’m pretty sure that they did that with, um, Drosophila as a as a base base study organism.

(1h 16m 37s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(1h 16m 44s) Codey:

Because so many of insects, so many of the insects have like their genome was very, very similar, just with a couple tweaks, right?

(1h 16m 51s)

So, this is just a great study organism to continue to look into all that.

(1h 16m 57s) Chelsea:

Huh?

(1h 16m 57s) Codey:

Yeah.

(1h 16m 59s)

Okay, last order.

(1h 17m 2s)

Uh, Hymenoptera means membrane wing.

(1h 17m 6s)

Um, and their, I’m not entirely sure why it has that name.

(1h 17m 12s)

Um, there’s a lot, there’s not, there’s a lot of reasons why people think it might have that name, but there’s no distinct ones, so I’m not going to mention them, but one thing that distinguishes this family from others is that they have, um, hooks on their hind wings that connect to the fore wing that functionally creates 2 wings.

(1h 17m 30s)

So instead of flying and having their 4 wings flap all over the place, like crazy and like, um, um, disconnected, their hind wings will just kind of like click, it’s like a Velcro mechanism almost, like into their 4 wings and then they will fly.

(1h 17m 31s) Chelsea:

Oh cool.

(1h 17m 46s) Codey:

Um, it incredibly vastly improves their air dynamics.

(1h 17m 47s) Chelsea:

Like some aerodynamic.

(1h 17m 52s) Codey:

Which like when people say, oh, bumblebee wings wouldn’t be able to hold bumblebees up.

(1h 17m 58s)

blah, blah, blah, whatever.

(1h 17m 59s)

Um, They can if you hook them together, which they have that.

(1h 18m 5s) Chelsea:

Right.

(1h 18m 6s) Codey:

Um, in addition, female hymenopterans typically have a special ovipo- uh, appendage known as an ovipositor for laying eggs.

(1h 18m 15s)

And sometimes in some families, in some groups,

(1h 18m 18s)

This ovipositor has been weaponized.

(1h 18m 22s)

Um, and it’s a stinger.

(1h 18m 24s) Chelsea:

Oh wow.

(1h 18m 25s) Codey:

So it, yeah, it has…

(1h 18m 27s)

um, uh, hardened and also, uh, for some of them has an associated venom gland as well.

(1h 18m 35s)

So it just really, they’re going into the weapon realm with that.

(1h 18m 37s) Chelsea:

Wow.

(1h 18m 40s)

How long does it take for something to evolve like that?

(1h 18m 43s) Codey:

Oh man.

(1h 18m 44s)

Um, like 100s of 1000000s of years.

(1h 18m 46s) Chelsea:

Many, many.

(1h 18m 47s) Codey:

Yeah, for something like that to change, to evolve.

(1h 18m 52s)

um,

(1h 18m 53s)

And it was probably like the way that I would, I would think that that would have evolved would be something like, you know, they already had an ovipositor just for laying their eggs.

(1h 19m 3s)

And then at one point, they started using that, like if something was attacking them.

(1h 19m 8s)

They would like, it’s just another appendage, another way to attack your attacker, right?

(1h 19m 13s)

and like defend yourself.

(1h 19m 14s)

So they were probably like hitting the or trying to stab their attacker with it or hit them with it or whatever.

(1h 19m 19s)

And some organism.

(1h 19m 21s)

Some individuals probably would have had, might have had like more hard.

(1h 19m 24s)

Um, ovipositors for whatever reason.

(1h 19m 27s)

And then those individuals would have been more successful at defending themselves and surviving.

(1h 19m 33s)

And then that times a thousand.

(1h 19m 34s)

And then you get to the point where they, it’s, it’s a stinger now and, uh, there’s an open, there’s like a, it’s like a secondary thing.

(1h 19m 35s) Chelsea:

Right.

(1h 19m 44s) Codey:

Like, so the ovipositor is still there, but the stinger itself, um, is like completely, it might, might be completely different or it might still be just like one thing.

(1h 19m 52s)

Um, but it usually is, has venom.

(1h 19m 56s)

I don’t know.

(1h 19m 57s)

It’s crazy.

(1h 19m 57s)

Um, but many 100s of 1000000s of years.

(1h 20m 2s) Chelsea:

Many of them, yeah.

(1h 20m 3s) Codey:

Many, maybe two.

(1h 20m 4s) Chelsea:

Maybe.

(1h 20m 5s) Codey:

Um, Hi Minoptera have about 150,000 species, again, described.

(1h 20m 10s)

Um, and about 150 families and uh, rough estimate of Hymenoptera from a couple papers is that there are likely over a 1000000 species.

(1h 20m 21s)

So we’re only at about 15% described.

(1h 20m 24s)

If that is true.

(1h 20m 26s)

Um, of those, we have the ants.

(1h 20m 30s)

Um, the family formicity.

(1h 20m 32s)

We already mentioned them and how crazy how they’ve pretty much taken over the world.

(1h 20m 35s)

They’re all over the place, and that has led to a lot of things relying on them and being Mermecophyllis and using them.

(1h 20m 43s)

But answer you social, so that means that they have true use sociality of a of a queen, um, that produces young that then take care of her young, like continually.

(1h 20m 58s)

Um, and for that reason they live in colonies.

(1h 21m 2s)

And I think I, my favourites are the leaf cutter ants.

(1h 21m 6s)

Um, some of those are really crazy.

(1h 21m 9s)

We went when I was in Costa Rica.

(1h 21m 11s)

You can see the paths.

(1h 21m 13s)

Like, even if they’re not active at the time, though, you like, they are almost always doing their leaf thing.

(1h 21m 18s)

Um, There’s like a, it’s like a little trail.

(1h 21m 21s)

Like imagine like a road.

(1h 21m 23s)

And there’s just, you can just see that there’s like this road and then when you get like little, maybe 4 inch wide.

(1h 21m 24s) Chelsea:

Yeah, I could just see where they were chomping.

(1h 21m 33s) Codey:

Um, I don’t know how inches relate to centimetres.

(1h 21m 37s)

I, sorry.

(1h 21m 38s)

Um, Oh, wait, I actually have a thing right here.

(1h 21m 41s)

Maybe.

(1h 21m 41s) Chelsea:

It’s okay.

(1h 21m 42s)

Cries in Canadian.

(1h 21m 42s) Codey:

Cries in Canadian.

(1h 21m 44s)

I actually have a thing right here.

(1h 21m 46s)

4 inches is 7 centimetres.

(1h 21m 48s)

I think, I think, maybe.

(1h 21m 50s)

Um, around there, maybe 10.

(1h 21m 53s)

Um, But yeah, the a little path that’s like that wide and it just meanders through.

(1h 22m)

And then when you get close enough to it, you see that it’s also full of these ants going 2 ways.

(1h 22m 5s)

Like, well, there’s one trail going one way and one going the other, and some of them are carrying leaves because they will, um, chew, they’ll go up to whatever tree they’re, they’re defoliating, and they will cut off a little bit of a leaf and then they’ll take it back.

(1h 22m 20s)

And some of them will construct tunnels out of that.

(1h 22m 23s)

Some of them will actually farm that.

(1h 22m 24s)

So they basically bring the leaves back.

(1h 22m 27s)

A fungus grows on the leaf, and then they eat the fungus.

(1h 22m 31s)

They literally farm.

(1h 22m 32s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(1h 22m 33s) Codey:

We thought we were the only organism that farmed, but was incorrect.

(1h 22m 33s) Chelsea:

Or a farming.

(1h 22m 36s)

Nope.

(1h 22m 38s)

Wow.

(1h 22m 38s) Codey:

Um, yeah, answer crazy.

(1h 22m 42s)

Uh, wasps.

(1h 22m 43s)

So, people when when I say wasps, people think of predatory wasps, like, uh, social wasps, um, yellow jackets, um, hornets, things like that.

(1h 22m 55s)

But they’re the majority of wasps are parasitic.

(1h 22m 58s)

So, like I mentioned earlier, they will lay an egg onto a host, whether or sometimes into a host.

(1h 23m 6s)

Um, and some of them, there’s some leaf mining wasps and flies, but they will actually lay an egg, like in between a leaf, like in the middle of a leaf.

(1h 23m 18s)

So, you know how leaves are just a bundle of cells.

(1h 23m 22s)

Um, like they like 30 cells deep or something and then you’re at the, you’re from the top of the leaf, uh, to the, to the other side of the leaf, and they will lay an egg in between that area, like in the middle of it.

(1h 23m 36s)

And then you, uh, the larvae would then like eat a path.

(1h 23m 43s)

like through the leaf, like a leaf mine.

(1h 23m 46s)

Um, and so that’s another way that things can be parasitic.

(1h 23m 51s)

Um, but the main parasitic ones I wanted to talk about are gall wasps, which are in the family synipidi.

(1h 23m 56s)

So these, and synipity includes mostly the oak gall wasps.

(1h 24m 1s)

So these are wasps that uh, generate uh, induce the plant to create what is called a gall.

(1h 24m 8s)

So the wasp will lay an egg.

(1h 24m 12s)

And something about, I’m not, I don’t know exactly how it all works, but that egg then induces the tree, the like branch, to create like a protective casing around it, because the tree is like, this is, um, bad and we want to make sure that our tissues, like the actual plant tissue is separated from whatever this is.

(1h 24m 26s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(1h 24m 37s) Codey:

So they will create like a ball.

(1h 24m 38s)

And that’s when you, that’s what is known as a gall.

(1h 24m 42s)

Um, and galls come in, there’s so many weirdly shaped gulls.

(1h 24m 46s)

There are some that look like weird, weird fruit.

(1h 24m 49s)

There’s some that are fuzzy.

(1h 24m 51s)

There’s some that are just, just, they just look like little, um, uh, swollen bits of of a leaf or of, of, uh, whatever.

(1h 25m 1s)

There’s so many different types of skulls.

(1h 25m 3s)

But um, when the plant then creates that gall, the insect is then like, this is great.

(1h 25m 10s)

Thank you.

(1h 25m 10s)

Like, thanks for the home.

(1h 25m 12s)

Like the, the larvae basically grows up in that it eats, um, that tissue that is created and as it eats more of the tissue.

(1h 25m 13s) Chelsea:

Thanks.

(1h 25m 14s)

So nice of you.

(1h 25m 22s) Codey:

I think the plant produces more of the tissue.

(1h 25m 24s)

Um, yeah, it’s nuts.

(1h 25m 27s)

And they Sinippids are not the only wasps that create galls or induce galls, but they sure do a lot of it.

(1h 25m 37s)

And these wasps are tiny.

(1h 25m 40s)

Like you would normally not, like the head of a pin, you normally would not see this wasp at all.

(1h 25m 44s) Chelsea:

Really?

(1h 25m 46s) Codey:

Um, however, they are not the tiniest.

(1h 25m 49s)

The tiniest insect is a fairy wasp.

(1h 25m 53s)

These are known as the family mimerity.

(1h 25m 55s)

And these are, you literally have to look at a microscope.

(1h 25m 59s)

Like I will have a via Petri dish of ethanol that has like a fairy wasp somewhere in it.

(1h 26m 5s)

And I might see, I’m like, oh, there’s like kind of a speck here and I’m like, oh, nope, that’s like a bit of dirt.

(1h 26m 10s)

And then I keep looking and I’m like, oh, there’s another bit of dirt.

(1h 26m 13s)

Nope, that’s the wasp.

(1h 26m 14s)

Like there’s, they’re so tiny and they’re so cute.

(1h 26m 16s) Chelsea:

Oh, I just looked it up.

(1h 26m 17s)

Oh.

(1h 26m 19s) Codey:

And their wings are also fringed in a really cute way, I think it’s cute.

(1h 26m 25s) Chelsea:

Yeah, like fuzzy.

(1h 26m 25s) Codey:

Yeah, they’re fuzzy.

(1h 26m 26s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(1h 26m 26s) Codey:

They look fuzzy because like the wing itself isn’t just like what you when you imagine a wing, it’s not like that.

(1h 26m 31s)

It has like feathery bits coming off of it.

(1h 26m 34s)

So they’re super cute.

(1h 26m 36s)

Um,

(1h 26m 37s) Chelsea:

So not all wasps have that black and yellow sort of. Feel to them?

(1h 26m 41s) Codey:

Mm-mm, nope.

(1h 26m 42s)

So that black and yellow fear is uh, the family Vespity, which are the social wasps.

(1h 26m 42s) Chelsea:

No.

(1h 26m 48s) Codey:

Um, and they are called social ops because they themselves are social, and they’re not necessarily you social.

(1h 26m 55s)

They’re not the same type of sociality that ants and some bees have.

(1h 27m)

They might nest communally.

(1h 27m 1s)

It might be that one of them has, um, like starts creating a nest and then lays an egg, like lays some egg and eggs and then takes care of the larvae.

(1h 27m 12s)

But then there are other ones that might be like, this is a nice nest, and then she might also like use it. And so then they become kind of a communal organ, like colony rather than…

(1h 27m 21s) Chelsea:

How they just kind of cohabitate.

(1h 27m 23s) Codey:

Yeah, they basically cohabitate or they could be use social, some of the species are.

(1h 27m 28s)

Um, And so, but all of this wasps, most of the wasps that have that social type of behaviour are within one family.

(1h 27m 36s)

One of the over 150 families that exist, but that’s what everyone thinks of.

(1h 27m 42s)

And whenever people mention Yellowjackets to be and being scared of them.

(1h 27m 46s)

I mean, super valid because it is scary and they hurt.

(1h 27m 49s)

And, um, and they can really swarm you pretty intensely.

(1h 27m 55s)

However, they are just protecting their house.

(1h 27m 58s)

And I am of the mind that if their house is not in an inconvenient place.

(1h 28m 4s)

Just let him go.

(1h 28m 6s)

Just let him live.

(1h 28m 7s) Chelsea:

Yeah, we have a nest near our, like on our house at the very top near the attic and I’m like, you know what?

(1h 28m 11s) Codey:

Mm-hmm.

(1h 28m 12s) Chelsea:

Don’t come in my house and I’ll leave you alone.

(1h 28m 15s) Codey:

Yeah.

(1h 28m 15s)

Well, and even if they come in your house, like, I was walking through my house one time, and there was a really big, um, no, uh, wasp, and I was like, okay.

(1h 28m 26s)

And but I know because I was not threatening her or I was, she was not trying to defend her nest or whatever.

(1h 28m 31s)

I literally just put my finger down and she climbed on top of it and then I just took her outside and like put her on a leaf and she was fine.

(1h 28m 39s)

Um, as long as you’re not like actively trying to harm them, they won’t.

(1h 28m 40s) Chelsea:

Oh wow.

(1h 28m 43s)

You’re not swatting at them.

(1h 28m 43s) Codey:

Exactly.

(1h 28m 45s)

Um, and the majority of the wasps in this family investity are going to eat pest species in your garden.

(1h 28m 55s)

So they will eat caterpillars that, or they will bring caterpillars back till they’re young, like a couple different things that they do, but they will, they will basically reduce the amount of pests that are in your carbon.

(1h 29m 6s)

So if you can leave them alone, that’s great.

(1h 29m 9s)

But also, I understand when people are scared of things, I get it.

(1h 29m 12s)

But, um,

(1h 29m 14s) Chelsea:

I think it’s like the unpredictability a lot of people don’t know like.

(1h 29m 17s) Codey:

Yeah, so some of the yellow jackets have, um, like nests that hang that you can very clearly see.

(1h 29m 25s)

It’s like the paper wasps and stuff.

(1h 29m 27s)

Like you can very clearly see like that is a nest that is hanging.

(1h 29m 30s)

Some of them have make like mud nests and you’re like cool.

(1h 29m 34s)

There you are.

(1h 29m 35s)

I got it.

(1h 29m 35s)

I see you.

(1h 29m 36s)

But then a lot of the yellow jackets will also nest underground.

(1h 29m 40s)

those are the bad ones.

(1h 29m 41s) Chelsea:

Oh, really?

(1h 29m 41s) Codey:

Those are the ones that scare people the most because, and I mean, because you could just be walking.

(1h 29m 47s)

And then if you step on where their nest is, um, if they haven’t dug their nest down deep enough, and you step like on the soil around it, you might disturb within the nest and that’s going to set them, um, one of them’s probably going to emit alarm pheromone, and that’s going to tell them like, oh, oh, heck, like something’s happening, and then they’re going to immobilise.

(1h 30m 7s)

And you are, unfortunately, the largest thing in the area that they think probably, and you probably did cause it.

(1h 30m 13s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(1h 30m 14s)

It was you.

(1h 30m 15s) Codey:

It was you.

(1h 30m 16s)

And so yeah, they’ll come out and they’ll they’ll swarm you and they’ll sting and they’ll bite. And, um, honey bees are actually the only bees that have a barbed sting where it comes out, like once they sting you, it comes out of their body and they die.

(1h 30m 31s)

So most bees and wasps.

(1h 30m 33s)

If they sting you, they’re they’re going to keep stinging you.

(1h 30m 36s)

Like, it is not a one time gig.

(1h 30m 37s) Chelsea:

Right.

(1h 30m 38s) Codey:

And so investments just, they just hurt.

(1h 30m 40s)

I mean, they’re, they’re larger than a lot of these are and their weaponry is a little stronger.

(1h 30m 47s)

Um, not necessarily the venom part of it, but definitely the actual stinging part of it.

(1h 30m 52s)

So, um, and I’m not.

(1h 30m 54s) Chelsea:

That’s the thing.

(1h 30m 55s)

I worry about like being a healthcare person.

(1h 30m 56s)

I worry about allergies and stuff, like not for me, but I know my next door neighbour has really bad anaphylactic allergy to bee stings.

(1h 30m 58s) Codey:

Yeah.

(1h 31m 3s) Chelsea:

So we try to be mindful, but we’ve never had an issue with any bees at all.

(1h 31m 4s) Codey:

Yep.

(1h 31m 8s)

Yeah.

(1h 31m 8s) Chelsea:

Like they get drunk in our garden.

(1h 31m 9s)

And they are so cute.

(1h 31m 11s) Codey:

I mean, you really, like, same with vest beds.

(1h 31m 14s)

Like if you, you really have to, to frighten a bee and and mess her up or make her feel like she is in danger.

(1h 31m 21s)

Most 9 times out of 10 they’re going to fly away.

(1h 31m 23s)

They’re just like, what the heck?

(1h 31m 24s)

And they fly away.

(1h 31m 25s)

Um, they’ll only sting you if you’re either messing with their house and they get scared or if you are trying to mish them.

(1h 31m 32s)

Like, I’ve stepped on a honeybee before because she was, she was nectaring on a clover and I was walking barefoot and I was like, ow.

(1h 31m 35s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(1h 31m 40s) Codey:

And of course, like, that’s my own fault.

(1h 31m 42s)

My bad.

(1h 31m 43s) Chelsea:

That was my bad.

(1h 31m 44s) Codey:

Totally, um, protect yourself, queen.

(1h 31m 48s)

But, uh, yeah, so 9 times out of 10, like most people think of the the yellow, like in that yellow and black colouration, it’s warning colouration, they’re telling you, leave me alone.

(1h 31m 58s)

Like they’re trying to give every, they’re trying to give every indication of don’t mess with me.

(1h 31m 58s) Chelsea:

Yeah, this is for your own safety.

(1h 32m 2s) Codey:

Um, and so people.

(1h 32m 5s) Chelsea:

It’s like, I’m not stuck in here with you.

(1h 32m 6s)

You’re stuck in here with me.

(1h 32m 9s) Codey:

The only other type of predatory wasps I wanted to shout out are spider wasps.

(1h 32m 14s)

This is the family pompility. And they specialise on eating spiders.

(1h 32m 20s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(1h 32m 20s) Codey:

They will fly and, um, they’ll find a spider and they will, um, sting it and immobilise it and then they’ll take it back to their nest, still alive, and they will then provision the nest cells because they’re solitary. So they will then provision the nest cell that they lay an egg in with a spider that they have immobilised.

(1h 32m 42s)

So imagine you’re a spider, right?

(1h 32m 44s)

You’re living your life.

(1h 32m 45s)

You’re scuttling along.

(1h 32m 47s)

You’re trying to eat something, whatever.

(1h 32m 48s)

And then out of nowhere, someone stabs you.

(1h 32m 50s)

You get sleepy, you get abducted.

(1h 32m 53s)

And then when you wake up, if you wake up.

(1h 32m 56s)

Uh, You are in a closed cell, and a larvae is trying to eat you or is eating you or whatever, because 9 times out of 10, like they’re still immobilised by the time they get eaten.

(1h 32m 57s) Chelsea:

Deputy.

(1h 33m 9s) Codey:

Um, and some species, some spider families, like there’s tarantula hawk wasps are, are in this family.

(1h 33m 18s)

So they specialise on tarantulas.

(1h 33m 20s)

So this is where you see some really cool battles of a tarantula and a wasp trying to like fight each other.

(1h 33m 26s)

Like the tarantula’s trying to save herself.

(1h 33m 28s)

She’s like, leave me alone.

(1h 33m 29s)

And, and of course, the spider, the tarantula hawk wasp is like, I’m just trying to feed my babies, dude.

(1h 33m 31s) Chelsea:

You’re not eating me today.

(1h 33m 36s) Codey:

But it’s funny because they’re still fairly, they’re large for a loss, but they’re not usually as big as the tarantula.

(1h 33m 44s)

So I’m just imagining them flying back. To their nest with that.

(1h 33m 50s)

There’s also a loss called the cicada killer wasp, Eastern cicada killer.

(1h 33m 50s) Chelsea:

Oh my god.

(1h 33m 55s) Codey:

It, one of the largest wasps in our era in where I am geographically, and they immobilise cicadas.

(1h 34m 2s)

And then they’ll take those back to their nest.

(1h 34m 5s)

And I, one time I saw one flying with a cicada and it just, it was cute.

(1h 34m 9s)

Like, because it’s the wasp times 3 basically, because there’s a giant cicada missile flying through the air.

(1h 34m 15s)

as well.

(1h 34m 16s) Chelsea:

Pardon me.

(1h 34m 18s)

Just gonna go over here.

(1h 34m 18s) Codey:

And I think she, like, and she, so it was flying in my direction.

(1h 34m 23s)

I tried to move out of the way, but she kind of like flew near me, and then she dropped her cicada, and then I was trying, but and it like fell in the flowers.

(1h 34m 29s) Chelsea:

Oh no.

(1h 34m 31s) Codey:

And so I tried to pick it.

(1h 34m 33s)

I tried to like, I picked it up.

(1h 34m 34s)

She, because I watched her.

(1h 34m 35s)

she was trying to find it again

(1h 34m 36s)

So then I picked it up and put it like a little bit higher and I don’t think she ever found it again.

(1h 34m 41s)

I’m really sad that she…

(1h 34m 43s) Chelsea:

Oh, you had such a good catch.

(1h 34m 45s) Codey:

I was, yeah, I was like, aw, but luckily there’s 1000000s of these things right now, so you’re fine.

(1h 34m 51s)

Just go get another one.

(1h 34m 53s) Chelsea:

That would be a crazy thing to see, though, like carrying this huge thing.

(1h 34m 55s) Codey:

Oh my gosh, it was wild.

(1h 34m 57s)

Yeah, imagine a cicada, but that being carried by something else.

(1h 35m 2s)

And so cicadas are also very clumsy fires, but cicada killer wasps are not.

(1h 35m 8s)

It’s, it was very,

(1h 35m 9s) Chelsea:

Oh, okay.

(1h 35m 12s) Codey:

It was very weird to see, but.

(1h 35m 14s)

Okay, last thing we’re going to talk about, and then I will be done yapping at y’all about bucks unless you want me to continue yapping.

(1h 35m 22s)

You can ask specific things at later episodes or whatever, but I’m not going to be doing it quite the way that I’ve been doing it.

(1h 35m 27s)

Are there beings?

(1h 35m 28s) Chelsea:

The listeners know what they signed up for.

(1h 35m 29s) Codey:

They, they do, they do.

(1h 35m 31s)

Um, yeah, last thing is the bees. And I did that on purpose because we’re going to be talking about bees simulator.

(1h 35m 37s)

Um, so the bees, uh, they’re in the group, um, Anthophyla, which just means flower loving, and there are seven.

(1h 35m 50s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(1h 35m 52s) Codey:

Yeah, because basically, so bees are basically vegetarian wasps.

(1h 35m 56s)

So the majority of wasps and other hemenopterans, or whatever, are either, um, carnivorous and eat other bugs, eat other whatever, um, or they are parasitic.

(1h 36m 10s)

But bees are like, nah, nah, dude, I’m going to become a vegetarian, and they rely on flowers, and they have, um, over the last 1000000 years, because about 1000000 years ago that bees 1st show up in the fossil record, what we know of the fossil record.

(1h 36m 27s)

Um, B show up and they basically co-evolved with the, with the extreme evolutionary radiation of flowers.

(1h 36m 36s)

And it was a, it was an evolutionary arms race that continues to this day, but it’s a, it’s a co-evolved, like, beneficial one because the flowers were like, wait, you’re going to carry my pollen and bees are just trying to either collect the pollen to provision to their young or they’re eating the pollen because she needs to produce eggs and she needs the protein from a pollen to do so.

(1h 36m 59s)

But they’re frequently in interacting with the pollen.

(1h 37m 4s)

And because the she, the bees will then go to another flower.

(1h 37m 9s)

very effective as a pollinator.

(1h 37m 11s)

So, be the, the coevolutionary relationship between bees and flowers is like, just gun gangbusters.

(1h 37m 18s)

Um, there would not be nearly as many flower species if there weren’t for bees.

(1h 37m 23s)

And not just bees.

(1h 37m 25s)

I will, I got a pacaveata.

(1h 37m 26s)

It’s not hashtag not just bees, but bees are the most effective pollinators because of their hair.

(1h 37m 30s)

They have branched hairs.

(1h 37m 33s)

So instead of their hair, uh, just being like an individual strand, it actually they’re, each one is like an individual little feather.

(1h 37m 41s)

Um, their pollen collecting hairs are, and it allows the pollen to stick to that area.

(1h 37m 47s)

Um, yeah.

(1h 37m 49s) Chelsea:

Sorry, if I’m being so cute.

(1h 37m 50s) Codey:

No, you’re fine.

(1h 37m 52s)

They are very cute.

(1h 37m 52s)

Um, because and a lot of them are really fuzzy.

(1h 37m 55s)

Not all of them are fuzzy, but a lot like bumblebees are incredibly fuzzy.

(1h 37m 58s)

Very cute.

(1h 37m 59s)

90% of bee species are actually solitary.

(1h 38m 3s)

So I have to do my my, my work here of uh, battling misinformation.

(1h 38m 9s)

Because a lot of folks, when they think of bees, they think of specifically honeybees.

(1h 38m 15s)

Um, but honeybee, so the, there are 7 species of honeybee, and only one of those is the honeybee that’s in North America, and it’s not actually even natives North America.

(1h 38m 27s)

It was brought over because people liked honey.

(1h 38m 29s)

Um, So whenever I see something that’s like, save the bees and it has, uh, like for North America, it’s like, save our our bees or whatever, and it has a photo of a honeybee.

(1h 38m 30s) Chelsea:

Interesting.

(1h 38m 40s) Codey:

A little bit of me dies.

(1h 38m 42s)

Um,

(1h 38m 43s) Chelsea:

Those aren’t even RB’s.

(1h 38m 43s) Codey:

Not even RB’s.

(1h 38m 46s)

Um, like not even the ones we need to be saving.

(1h 38m 49s)

They’re still very important.

(1h 38m 50s)

We need to continue to use them.

(1h 38m 53s)

They’re basically, um, like a, we manage them for their pollination services and for the product, the products that they provide.

(1h 39m)

But,

(1h 39m 1s) Chelsea:

So what is the most important type of beetle?

(1h 39m 4s) Codey:

So it’s, it is a really, it is an, it depends because the way that bees and flowers have coevolved.

(1h 39m 12s)

There are going to be bees that are the most effective pollinators for very specific flower species, and vice versa, there’s certain flowers that are going to be the most effective source of resources for a bee.

(1h 39m 25s)

So it really depends, like if you’re trying to say for crop pollination, then it’s honestly probably just a not a specific type of bee, but it is to have a strong community of bees in the surrounding area around your crops.

(1h 39m 40s)

Um, in if you’re growing alfalfa, there is a, the alfalfa leaf cutting bee.

(1h 39m 48s)

It is a very specific species of bee that is the most effective pollinator that has co-evolved with alfalfa.

(1h 39m 55s)

Um, If you do blueberries and cranberries in the Northeast,

(1h 39m 59s)

I’m in the northeast, so I don’t know a lot about this. It’s a lot of the native bees.

(1h 40m 4s)

So the Andronids, the mining bees, I always, I always think of the scientific name and I always have to be like, what is the common name?

(1h 40m 13s)

Um, So Andrenity or the mining bees?

(1h 40m 16s)

Halictide are the sweat bees, um, Mega Kyli, those are the orchard bees, or and the might, and the, um, Orchard, Mason, Mason bees.

(1h 40m 27s)

Um, those are going to be some of the really effective ones.

(1h 40m 30s)

And then bumblebees are also incredibly effective depending on where they are, and what they’re pollinating.

(1h 40m 36s) Chelsea:

Mhm.

(1h 40m 36s) Codey:

Um,

(1h 40m 37s)

But yeah, most of them are solitary, so it’s going to be a single individual female that mates and then comes in provisions, a nest cell.

(1h 40m 45s)

Think of like an ant tunnel.

(1h 40m 46s)

Um, so they’ll have either underground or in wood.

(1h 40m 50s)

They will have a 2 a narrow channel or tunnel that they have excavated or if they use secondary tunnels that they have encountered.

(1h 41m)

And then she will, the female will make a provision.

(1h 41m 5s)

She’ll line the nest to like waterproof it.

(1h 41m 7s)

Um, and then she’ll provision the nest with food, and then once it’s all squared away, she’ll lay an egg in that nest and nestle, and then she’ll cap it, and then she’ll do another one.

(1h 41m 17s)

Um, and they do this like a single solitary female could lay up to like 200 eggs, but it’s normally a lot less, a lot fewer than that.

(1h 41m 29s)

Um,

(1h 41m 30s)

And there’s so much that I could say.

(1h 41m 36s)

But I’m trying to figure out what’s most important.

(1h 41m 38s)

Yeah, they’re just really cool.

(1h 41m 40s) Chelsea:

Out of curiosity, sorry, were bees what got you into entomology?

(1h 41m 44s) Codey:

So yes and no.

(1h 41m 46s)

So I grew up like playing with all kinds of bugs.

(1h 41m 49s)

Like I grew up playing with with praying mantises and with just any bugs that I could get my hands on.

(1h 41m 56s)

But as I was finishing my degree in fishers and wildlife at Oregon State University.

(1h 42m 1s)

I had done projects on.

(1h 42m 3s)

I wanted to save the wolves.

(1h 42m 4s)

I wanted to work with wolves, but that is a very contentious thing in Oregon.

(1h 42m 7s)

Farmers and ranchers do not necessarily like it.

(1h 42m 11s)

When you want to save the thing that is going to eat their cattle.

(1h 42m 14s)

Shocking.

(1h 42m 15s)

Um, and I am a marshmallow.

(1h 42m 16s) Chelsea:

Fair enough.

(1h 42m 18s) Codey:

And so I was like, I can’t do that.

(1h 42m 21s)

And so I had done a project looking at, um, uh, violet green swallows and tree swallows.

(1h 42m 26s)

Um, I, so birds, I had done a project looking at frogs.

(1h 42m 31s)

I had done a project looking at, um, using trail cameras to track the movement of deer and elk.

(1h 42m 40s)

And then one of the people that I had worked with was like, hey, I want to do this B project, would you be interested in leading it?

(1h 42m 47s)

And I was like, hmm, I don’t know anything about bees.

(1h 42m 51s)

And so that was the first, that was my introduction.

(1h 42m 53s)

It was my gateway insect.

(1h 42m 54s)

Um, At that time, there was a professor at the university that was teaching a, like, bees of the area, basically class.

(1h 43m 4s)

And so I took that and I learned a lot from him.

(1h 43m 5s)

It was Dr. Bill Steven.

(1h 43m 7s)

I believe he has passed away since then, which is very sad because he was he was a hilarious individual.

(1h 43m 13s)

Um,

(1h 43m 14s)

And then I led this project for 2 years and I basically identified multiple 1000s of bees in that project.

(1h 43m 22s)

And then when I went for my graduate degree, I just stuck with B’s because that was what was available.

(1h 43m 28s)

I applied to a bunch of different projects, but the one that I got was another B project.

(1h 43m 32s)

So I basically did the same thing again.

(1h 43m 33s)

And then finally went into true entomology.

(1h 43m 38s)

Because my degree at Oregon State was Fisher’s of Wildlife and then my degree at my master’s institution was just biology.

(1h 43m 45s)

Um, but here I got truly entomology.

(1h 43m 50s)

Um, and that was actually the 1st time I took like a full entomology course.

(1h 43m 54s)

So I didn’t even really know about like any of what I’ve been yapping about for the last 4 episodes.

(1h 44m)

I didn’t know any of it until like 5 years ago.

(1h 44m 3s)

Um, because I had never really taken a bug class, like, except for that one class that was explicitly, here’s how you identify bees in this region.

(1h 44m 4s) Chelsea:

Wow.

(1h 44m 14s) Codey:

Um, I didn’t really know anything.

(1h 44m 18s) Chelsea:

The gateway bug.

(1h 44m 18s) Codey:

Gateway bug.

(1h 44m 20s)

But then when I was doing when I was studying bees, my mom was very like, well, that makes sense.

(1h 44m 23s)

You were playing with bugs all the time as a kid.

(1h 44m 25s)

And I think like in hindsight, if I had known that it was a career that I could have.

(1h 44m 29s)

Like if Penn State or not Penn State, if Oregon State would have had an entomology programme, I might have jumped to that, but at the time that I was there, the entomology programme had been kind of subsumed into the horticulture programme, because again, because of the how delicately linked.

(1h 44m 45s) Chelsea:

Oh, okay.

(1h 44m 49s) Codey:

A lot of bugs are with plants.

(1h 44m 51s)

Um, so yeah, I just didn’t really have a lot of, um, exposure to the concept of being an entomologist.

(1h 45m 1s)

Um, but now Oregon State has a huge B project, like I have what’s called the Oregon B Atlas, where they’re trying to find all of the B species in Oregon.

(1h 45m 12s)

Um, and like beyond as well.

(1h 45m 17s)

So it’s, I could return, but I don’t, I think I think I’ll probably end up somewhere else.

(1h 45m 23s)

Um, yeah, so they, they kind of were my gateway and so they were the main focus of my research for over a decade.

(1h 45m 25s) Chelsea:

That’s quite the journey.

(1h 45m 32s) Codey:

Um, and then after that, I was, I just kind of was like, you know, I’ve been using these traps to catch a lot of bees, but there’s a lot more that’s than just bees that’s caught, they’re caught in these traps.

(1h 45m 44s)

And so I started taking, I took the fly school, I went to fly school, I went to the coleopter course, and I just gained a love for other things as well.

(1h 45m 53s)

So,

(1h 45m 54s) Chelsea:

That’s a crazy journey.

(1h 45m 56s)

love that.

(1h 45m 56s) Codey:

It so most entomologists come at it sideways.

(1h 46m)

Like, there are very few entomologists that come in, come into college at all being like, I’m going to be an entomologist.

(1h 46m 8s)

Um, they usually study, they’re like, I’m going to do environmental science, and then while they’re doing environmental science, they take a class in entomology, and then they’re like, wait a minute, you know, I could do this.

(1h 46m 16s) Chelsea:

Wait a 2nd.

(1h 46m 17s)

This is an option.

(1h 46m 18s) Codey:

Yeah.

(1h 46m 19s)

And so, um, yeah, it’s just something and and also, unfortunately, uh, very underfunded.

(1h 46m 25s)

Um, you know, one of the reasons why there is all of this, uh, unsung diversity, unknown diversity, et cetera, et cetera, is because we just don’t have the funding or the time or the manpower, uh, with what we currently have, to answer those questions.

(1h 46m 26s) Chelsea:

Yes, yeah.

(1h 46m 43s) Codey:

Um, But we should because there’s a, there’s a lot.

(1h 46m 47s) Chelsea:

Yes, we should.

(1h 46m 48s)

It’s kind of important.

(1h 46m 49s) Codey:

So yeah, that was my introduction.

(1h 46m 52s)

Bees were my introduction.

(1h 46m 54s)

Um, and within B’s, my favourite B is uh, a green sweat bee.

(1h 47m 2s)

So a lot of the sweat bees.

(1h 47m 5s)

They’re so-called because they’re often attracted to our sweat.

(1h 47m 7s)

Like if you are sweaty.

(1h 47m 9s)

They, these things, these bees will land on you and they’re they’re not like the bright yellow, black, crazy colouration.

(1h 47m 15s)

They’re often a lot smaller than even a honeybee, but they’ll land on you and they’ll just lick up your sweat.

(1h 47m 22s) Chelsea:

Like, y’all mind if I just take some?

(1h 47m 24s) Codey:

It’s like, I just, can I have, can I have this?

(1h 47m 26s)

Can I have this a little bit?

(1h 47m 27s) Chelsea:

Can I have this?

(1h 47m 28s) Codey:

Um, and so that’s why they’re called that.

(1h 47m 30s)

And my favourite bees in this.

(1h 47m 32s)

So it’s Agacleropsis Metallica.

(1h 47m 34s)

Let me go find a photo of it.

(1h 47m 36s)

Um, and I actually have a photo or, sorry, a tattoo of this bee because she is just so, um, she, she’s a green bee, but she also, in some lights and in some areas, she’s more like blue and purple, like a blurpelly colour.

(1h 47m 56s)

Um,

(1h 47m 57s) Chelsea:

Okay.

(1h 47m 57s) Codey:

So I just, she’s just so sweet.

(1h 48m)

And I just it, it, she bucks convention.

(1h 48m 3s)

Like you would think like, oh, you know, green, or you think B, and you think black and yellow, right?

(1h 48m 9s)

Or like just a bumblebee, like a big fuzzy thing.

(1h 48m 12s)

And she’s not fuzzy.

(1h 48m 14s)

Um, She, all claps into Elica only have, um, hairs, mostly.

(1h 48m 21s)

I mean, they have tiny

(1h 48m 22s)

hairs everywhere, but the majority of her hair, her is going to be her pollen collecting hair that she has on her legs.

(1h 48m 27s)

Um, I’m putting a link to a photo into the thing.

(1h 48m 34s)

There we go.

(1h 48m 34s)

Um, and I don’t know, it’s just one of those green sweat bees are one of the things where if you tell, if you tell someone about bees, then you can show them a picture of this and they’re like, I would not have said that was a bee.

(1h 48m 46s)

Um, and that, yeah.

(1h 48m 48s) Chelsea:

I just looked it up, and sorry, we have since Ottawa’s cousins of Toronto’s unofficial Bee, and there’s apparently some book with the start, um, The forward written by Margaret Atwood, whose father was an entomologist.

(1h 48m 58s) Codey:

Yeah.

(1h 48m 59s)

I didn’t know that.

(1h 49m) Chelsea:

interesting.

(1h 49m)

Cool.

(1h 49m 1s)

Yeah.

(1h 49m 1s) Codey:

That’s crazy.

(1h 49m 2s)

Well, I also know, so there was, uh, recently, uh, one of the, like premiere, like, she’s, uh, Dr. Sheila Kala recently passed away and she was a Canadian entomologist and she bees were like one of her taxa of interest.

(1h 49m 21s)

I think she specifically did bumblebees.

(1h 49m 23s)

Um, So you probably, like, if you’re looking, if you’re looking at bees stuff for Canada, you’ll probably come upon her as well.

(1h 49m 30s)

She was amazing and she was another like person who was just like, look, this is a bee, like this green thing.

(1h 49m 39s) Chelsea:

Oh, that’s a really cool.

(1h 49m 39s)

sorry I just saw the photo you posted.

(1h 49m 41s) Codey:

Yeah, so that’s that’s them.

(1h 49m 41s) Chelsea:

Wow.

(1h 49m 43s) Codey:

And then, uh, I mean, another.

(1h 49m 44s) Chelsea:

Subvert expectations.

(1h 49m 45s) Codey:

Subvert those things, and so another, just looking at this and thinking about green bees, there are other bees that are green, so, and just brightly beautiful colours.

(1h 49m 53s)

So the orchid bees are actually in the family apity.

(1h 49m 56s)

So the family apity, uh, is where most of what you think of.

(1h 50m)

So that’s where the honeybees are, that’s where the bulblebees are.

(1h 50m 2s)

Um, and it’s where the, um, My brain or orchid bees.

(1h 50m 9s)

See, my brain, I was like, it’s you gloss sign bees.

(1h 50m 12s)

Like, what is the common name of that?

(1h 50m 14s)

Um, so the orchid bees are so named because they, uh, pollinate orchids, um, and the orchids actually, like, mimic the female bee and have a certain like profile that smells like a female bee.

(1h 50m 32s)

So then the bee will come in and they’ll be like, oh, I’m gonna, like the male bees actually will come in and they think that they’re going to mate with a female because that’s what they think it is.

(1h 50m 39s)

But it’s but it’s a flower.

(1h 50m 40s) Chelsea:

Ha, ha. Ha, ha.

(1h 50m 41s) Codey:

And they fall, they fall into like where the nectary is.

(1h 50m 47s)

And, and it’s like a, I mean, think of an,

(1h 50m 51s)

I mean, if you can’t imagine an orchid, like they usually have a chamber, like it’s not just a flower.

(1h 50m 56s)

Like it’s got like a little nectary, like bulb.

(1h 50m 59s)

Um, and so the male will fall into that chamber where he’ll get a tasty snack.

(1h 51m 4s)

There a bunch of a bunch of nectar in there.

(1h 51m 6s)

So he’s like, what the where the heck am I?

(1h 51m 8s)

Oh, this is nice.

(1h 51m 8s)

then he’ll drink.

(1h 51m 9s)

And then the one path in which he can leave will lead him right past a bunch of really sticky pollen.

(1h 51m 19s)

And the pollen will get stuck to him, and then he’ll squeeze through and he’ll leave, and then he’ll go get tricked by another orchid, and while he’s there, he will sluff off some of the pollen from the previous plant.

(1h 51m 19s) Chelsea:

Oh my gosh.

(1h 51m 34s)

Wow.

(1h 51m 34s) Codey:

And that is the whole, that’s like how or a lot of orchids are pollinated, and that’s why these orchid bees are called, um, our exist, and they all are usually also very brightly coloured.

(1h 51m 47s)

They’re in the tropics.

(1h 51m 48s)

And they will also, another interesting thing about them is that they will collect volatiles.

(1h 51m 54s)

So floral oils, floral scents, like things that smell a certain, like strong, strong way or whatever, strong strength.

(1h 52m 3s)

Um, I mean, in some of them, it’s not just that, like, they will collect uh, faeces.

(1h 52m 9s)

They will collect urine.

(1h 52m 11s)

Like they will basically collect all of these material, this like concoction in their legs.

(1h 52m 17s)

There’s like a little, like, caldron in the male’s legs, and then they will create basically a perfume, and then they will use that to attract a female.

(1h 52m 31s) Chelsea:

Interesting.

(1h 52m 31s) Codey:

They are wild.

(1h 52m 34s)

Um, they do some of the weirdest things.

(1h 52m 37s)

So yeah, I actually saw an orchid bee in Costa Rica as well.

(1h 52m 40s)

Um, these things are just nuts.

(1h 52m 43s)

Here, I’m going to post a link to a video that’s orchid bees.

(1h 52m 49s)

Oh, wait, where did it go?

(1h 52m 50s)

Orchid bees, brew their own perfume.

(1h 52m 54s)

Uh,

(1h 52m 56s) Chelsea:

So they have their little caldron at the bottom where they make their.

(1h 52m 59s) Codey:

Yeah, like on their legs, like one of their legs just has like a huge thing, a huge little thing.

(1h 53m 5s)

So there’s a link to that to just a random ass YouTube video.

(1h 53m 8s)

Um, Okay, there’s also bumblebees.

(1h 53m 11s)

I’m not going to talk about those.

(1h 53m 12s)

Another type of bee in the family ABD that I wanted to mention are called nomad bees or nomada is the genus that they’re in.

(1h 53m 19s)

And these are kleptoparasitic beasts.

(1h 53m 22s)

So these are bees that if you look at them, they do not have any, like they’re virtually hairless, and they don’t even collect pollen, really.

(1h 53m 33s)

Um, that’s not their their vibe, their vibe.

(1h 53m 37s)

is to go into the nests of other bees that are nearly nearly finished.

(1h 53m 46s)

So, you know, think, imagine you are a mining bee and you’ve made a mine and you’ve provisioned your nest cell and you’re young, are totally set up and you’re like, okay, this is good.

(1h 53m 56s)

And you’re like, oh, but I just want to go get one more thing.

(1h 53m 59s)

So then you leave the nest, so to go get, um, like some dirt to like close up the cell or whatever.

(1h 54m 7s)

These nomad bees or nomad bees will be hovering around in Andrenid’s, like, nest site.

(1h 54m 15s)

They usually nest in aggregations.

(1h 54m 17s)

So the, where a bunch of the andrenas are nesting.

(1h 54m 20s)

And when they see a female leave,

(1h 54m 21s)

She will go into the nest cell, the tunnel, and she’ll find one that’s nearly finished, and she’ll be like, this is great.

(1h 54m 31s)

And she’ll lay her egg in it.

(1h 54m 33s)

And then their eggs.

(1h 54m 35s)

It like a cuckoo.

(1h 54m 36s)

They’re also called cuckoo bees.

(1h 54m 37s)

Um, like a cuckoo bird.

(1h 54m 39s)

Their egg will hatch before the mining these egg and that larvae will then eat the mining bee or kill it or something. Uh, different, depending on the species, it’s different.

(1h 54m 51s)

And then she’ll eat the provision.

(1h 54m 53s)

And then they’ll hatch.

(1h 54m 56s)

It won’t be a mining bee that hatches.

(1h 54m 58s)

It’ll be a cuckoo bean.

(1h 54m 59s) Chelsea:

Wow.

(1h 55m) Codey:

They’re nuts.

(1h 55m 1s)

I just had to mention them.

(1h 55m 2s)

Um, because they’re just, they’re another like, there’s always exceptions.

(1h 55m 2s) Chelsea:

Wow.

(1h 55m 6s) Codey:

There’s, it’s just another version.

(1h 55m 9s) Chelsea:

Of course.

(1h 55m 9s) Codey:

Um, and then, yeah, the last thing is honeybees.

(1h 55m 13s)

I really don’t know what to say about honeybees that people don’t already know.

(1h 55m 16s)

They do some crazy things.

(1h 55m 17s)

dance.

(1h 55m 22s)

Um, lot of.

(1h 55m 24s) Chelsea:

I did the little dance.

(1h 55m 25s) Codey:

Do a little dancing dance.

(1h 55m 27s)

They are really effective pollinators for a lot of crops, um, especially the ones that we grow, that they, we have been using them, but we then have to cart them around North America to be able to use them for pollinators.

(1h 55m 42s)

Um, I will say one thing, so a lot of people will say, oh, uh, 40% of the B colonies died or something.

(1h 55m 51s)

Like people will talk about huge colony losses.

(1h 55m 54s)

Like it’s a bad thing.

(1h 55m 55s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(1h 55m 56s) Codey:

And yeah, it’s not great.

(1h 55m 58s)

But basically a bee, a honeybee colony will overwinter as a cluster.

(1h 56m 4s)

So the queen will, it’ll be near the winter.

(1h 56m 8s)

The queen will lay eggs that will be the winter bees that are a little hardier, the last longer.

(1h 56m 14s)

They don’t go forage or anything.

(1h 56m 16s)

They basically start like clumping around.

(1h 56m 19s)

Um, a comb of honey.

(1h 56m 23s)

And they just kind of vibrate and they keep themselves warm. And the queen will be in the middle of that. And all winter, they will just be vibrating and just like clumps together.

(1h 56m 36s)

They will actually rotate who’s on the outside and who’s on the inside.

(1h 56m 39s)

And over that, over that time.

(1h 56m 42s)

Um, the, some of them will die.

(1h 56m 46s)

But usually the colony itself will not.

(1h 56m 49s)

But if the females were unable to make enough, uh, honey resources or if the beekeeper takes too many, like you are supposed to leave them a certain amount of honey.

(1h 57m)

Um, but if you don’t, if you don’t leave enough, or if they have any of the viruses or mites or like there’s a couple, there’s a lot of different stressors that can happen.

(1h 57m 11s)

Um, the colony itself will not survive to the night to through winter.

(1h 57m 16s)

However, people that raise honeybees can actually like, like, duplicate their own nests.

(1h 57m 26s)

So if you have, if you had 2 colonies and one of them dies, you can take the existing colony, and after they start building themselves back up again, you can actually separate some of the colony from, or like, remove the queen for a little bit.

(1h 57m 27s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(1h 57m 42s) Codey:

And then they will start being freaked out and they’re like, 0 my gosh, where’s mom? Because they don’t smell mom anymore.

(1h 57m 47s)

And they’ll create, uh, a queen cell.

(1h 57m 53s)

And then, which is a larger cell than normal.

(1h 57m 57s)

And then if you reintroduce the queen, she might, she’ll lay an egg in there, but and then because the cell is large enough, when the nurse bees start feeding, um, the larvae that is, that is placed into that cell.

(1h 58m 11s)

They will continue to feed them what is called royal jelly.

(1h 58m 15s)

Um, it’s a, it’s not just a mixture of honey and pollen.

(1h 58m 18s)

It also includes a chemical called Royal Acton that basically, um, continues the development to being a queen instead of just a worker.

(1h 58m 28s)

And once you see that your colony has a couple capped queen cells, this is a queen cell that has been capped and a larvae is developing era, pupa is developing inside of it and is going to become an adult.

(1h 58m 39s)

You can then take your queen, and a bunch of the workers, and just make a whole other colony.

(1h 58m 46s)

And then that queen will emerge from the queen cell, and actually, if a bunch of them emerge at the same time, they will actually fight to the death.

(1h 58m 48s) Chelsea:

Wow.

(1h 58m 56s) Codey:

Yeah, they will fight to the death.

(1h 58m 57s) Chelsea:

Okay, I was going to say what happens if there’s more than one?

(1h 59m) Codey:

And honestly, so, uh,

(1h 59m 2s)

Oh, okay, let me finish what I’m saying.

(1h 59m 4s)

Yeah, and then you will have 2 colonies.

(1h 59m 6s)

You will have a colony that has new queen and a colony that has the old queen.

(1h 59m 10s)

But then you’ll just have 2 colonies, period, and you can just keep going from there.

(1h 59m 14s)

Um,

(1h 59m 15s)

And so it’s not uncommon for colonies to not make it.

(1h 59m 20s)

So it’s whenever people are like, oh, 40% of colony loss.

(1h 59m 23s)

I’m like, the expected.

(1h 59m 25s)

What’s expected?

(1h 59m 26s)

Like, It’s just how it is.

(1h 59m 27s) Chelsea:

Just how it is, like.

(1h 59m 29s) Codey:

It’s just it to be that way.

(1h 59m 30s)

Um, also, Queens, uh, honeybee colonies will swarm, so that is when they’re either their home is threatened or they’re grumpy, like they might be overcrowded or whatever, and they will decide to up and leave.

(1h 59m 44s)

So they will, um, they’ll piece out and they’ll either lay, like, it can also happen if they lay queen cells and then the queen will actually abscond, it’s called absconding.

(1h 59m 45s) Chelsea:

No. He’s out.

(1h 59m 59s) Codey:

Um, with a bunch of the workers, like on her own, and people will find these swarms. Um, we actually hilariously passed by one in New York City once.

(2h 10s)

And so, and so many people, like, I could tell it was a swarming B colony.

(2h 12s) Chelsea:

Oh my god.

(2h 16s) Codey:

And bees, bee colonies when they’re swarming, they don’t have something to defend.

(2h 22s)

So unless you like,

(2h 22s)

like harm an individual and then she emits alarm for Ramon and then they’re all scared.

(2h 26s)

Or if you harm the queen, they don’t give, they don’t care about you at all.

(2h 30s)

So they don’t like they, and that’s why you can see those videos of the, of the girl, like finding a beast swarm and just scooping bees up, like with her hand because they do not care.

(2h 32s) Chelsea:

No.

(2h 39s)

Yep, they don’t care.

(2h 41s) Codey:

They don’t have a home.

(2h 42s)

They’re trying to find a home.

(2h 44s)

They don’t have a home to defend.

(2h 45s)

And so there was this huge like clearly a beast swarm and like so many people, there’s like a bubble around this swarm because people wanted to like stay away from it or whatever, right?

(2h 55s)

I just walked right through it.

(2h 57s)

I just walked right there.

(2h 57s) Chelsea:

Walk right into that.

(2h 59s) Codey:

Like, they were, they were on, they were swarming on like a flower pot and I just kept going.

(2h 1m 4s)

I was like, I have, I got, I got places to be.

(2h 1m 7s) Chelsea:

They’re busy.

(2h 1m 8s) Codey:

They’re not gonna mess with me.

(2h 1m 9s)

And I heard people like exclaim.

(2h 1m 11s)

And I just like kept, I was, I think I had my headphones in a little bit, but I just like kept going, man, it’s fine.

(2h 1m 17s) Chelsea:

Should have just grabbed one and been like, cool, cool, cool.

(2h 1m 18s) Codey:

Look at her.

(2h 1m 19s)

Yeah, no.

(2h 1m 20s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(2h 1m 20s) Codey:

I was just like, man, I can’t I can’t be bothered to walk around this.

(2h 1m 24s)

Um, so yeah, that’s basically that that swarming behaviour is what you are, what honeybee keepers can, um, can leverage to create a new colony.

(2h 1m 25s) Chelsea:

No.

(2h 1m 35s) Codey:

Like the colony is already wanting to swarm already like feeling crowded or whatever it is.

(2h 1m 40s)

Um, and then you just take them elsewhere and give them another home.

(2h 1m 44s) Chelsea:

Very cool.

(2h 1m 44s) Codey:

So, um, a lot of this has to do with B is great uh, setup for B Simulator too.

(2h 1m 44s) Chelsea:

Yeah, we have.

(2h 1m 50s) Codey:

Then, yeah, but I mean, we should just then we can just transition into B simulator.

(2h 1m 50s) Chelsea:

Oh yeah.

(2h 1m 57s)

Sure.

(2h 1m 58s)

Before we, before I say that, there’s a working farm in Ottawa.

(2h 2m 2s) Codey:

Mm-hmm.

(2h 2m 2s) Chelsea:

There’s a museum called the Agriculture Museum, and they have a whole B building basically where there’s a big glass and you can see the honeycomb being built.

(2h 2m 12s)

You can spot the queen, you can see the bees going in and out.

(2h 2m 13s) Codey:

Yep.

(2h 2m 15s) Chelsea:

It’s so cool.

(2h 2m 15s)

I go with the kids all the time and they always like, oh, can you find the queens?

(2h 2m 16s) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 2m 20s) Chelsea:

Yeah, pretty easily.

(2h 2m 21s)

And it’s super cool.

(2h 2m 21s) Codey:

Yeah, I mean, it’s, well, and especially, not only, can you usually find her pretty easily because, uh, she, she thick.

(2h 2m 29s)

Um, she has a way bigger abdomen than the rest of them, but beekeepers normally uh, routinely will put a dot of paint on her thorax.

(2h 2m 40s) Chelsea:

Yeah, she had the one in auto.

(2h 2m 42s)

Yeah, she always has a white, uh…

(2h 2m 44s) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 2m 44s)

So they’ll take like a paint pen that you might use, like that you can get from like Home Depot or whatever, and they’ll just go bloop right on her thorax.

(2h 2m 52s) Chelsea:

Hello?

(2h 2m 53s)

Yeah.

(2h 2m 53s) Codey:

Um, so then it is incredibly easy to find.

(2h 2m 56s)

Um, which is important.

(2h 2m 58s) Chelsea:

Oh, it’s super cool.

(2h 2m 59s) Codey:

Uh, if you think your colony might be grumpy with her, um, and might be trying to create a new queen.

(2h 3m 7s)

Um, because sometimes the calling itself, if her, if for some reason she’s getting too old or if they’re overcrowded or whatever, and they’re unhappy, like they’ll start the swarming behaviour, but they might also just kill her.

(2h 3m 17s)

Um,

(2h 3m 18s) Chelsea:

Okay, that was going to say, if they’re really unhappy, well, they just like, Eat her.

(2h 3m 21s) Codey:

Yeah, they might just kill her.

(2h 3m 22s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(2h 3m 23s) Codey:

Um, and then, so that’s, so some beekeepers, you always want to have that so that when you go into your colony, you can easily find the queen and you can easily figure out if they have, um, have lost their queen.

(2h 3m 39s)

I’m trying to remember the exact terminology.

(2h 3m 41s)

Part of me wants to say that it’s Queen wrong or Queen wrong.

(2h 3m 43s)

Yeah, Queen Wrong versus Queen Wright.

(2h 3m 45s)

But, um, yeah.

(2h 3m 48s)

So. Woo, that’s my rant.

(2h 3m 51s)

About bugs. Um,

(2h 3m 56s) Chelsea:

So people wanted.

(2h 3m 58s)

So the game we’re talking about today is B Simulator.

Bee Simulator

(2h 4m 2s) Chelsea:

Um, I played on PC.

(2h 4m 4s)

How did you play?

(2h 4m 5s) Codey:

Uh Xbox.

(2h 4m 6s) Chelsea:

Xbox.

(2h 4m 7s)

Okay.

(2h 4m 8s)

So I, yeah, I used Xbox controller.

(2h 4m 10s) Codey:

Mm-hmm.

(2h 4m 10s) Chelsea:

Uh, so basically, you live the lifecycle of a B.

(2h 4m 15s)

Um, you can pick your own name or you can use your name that is suggested to you, uh, which is Biscuit, which is amazing. I kept, I kept mine too.

(2h 4m 22s) Codey:

Okay, I kept, I just went with beast good.

(2h 4m 25s) Chelsea:

I kept mine too.

(2h 4m 26s)

So, you basically do the tasks of a bee.

(2h 4m 29s)

So the options throughout your day are collect.

(2h 4m 32s)

So you fly through hoops to collect pollen from flowers, and there are different rarities of flowers that have different categories of pollen.

(2h 4m 39s)

Um, there’s race, which is fly through hoops basically and try to, you know, beat an enemy fight, which I have questions about.

(2h 4m 49s) Codey:

Okay.

(2h 4m 49s) Chelsea:

Um, so basically you would defend yourself, uh, by stinging, which I don’t think you’re doing, to be quite honest in real life.

(2h 4m 59s) Codey:

Yeah, not really.

(2h 5m) Chelsea:

No, um, dance.

(2h 5m 2s)

So basically, you come across another bee and either they’re lost or you’re lost and you have to mimic the directions that they give you.

(2h 5m 9s)

Uh, which I thought was cute.

(2h 5m 11s) Codey:

Also, also not true though.

(2h 5m 11s) Chelsea:

Okay.

(2h 5m 13s)

Sting, which you can do on people, balloons, different things in the environment, just if you want to wreak havoc in Central Park.

(2h 5m 23s)

You are encouraged to do that.

(2h 5m 24s) Codey:

Yep.

(2h 5m 25s) Chelsea:

Um, and then standard missions.

(2h 5m 27s)

So basically helping other bees in the hive, helping animals find their lost mom, which, okay.

(2h 5m 34s)

Um, and basically, uh, you learn from the start, oh, humans are evil, humans are evil.

(2h 5m 42s)

Um, they’re trying to destroy our hive, so the tree that your hive is in gets cut down.

(2h 5m 48s)

Um, so then you go to look for another hive even though you’re a honeybee, you’re not supposed to, you’re not, that’s not your job.

(2h 5m 52s) Codey:

Mm-hmm.

(2h 5m 56s) Chelsea:

But you still find a home.

(2h 5m 57s) Codey:

Mm-hmm.

(2h 5m 59s) Chelsea:

Um, and then, as you get towards the end, I don’t know, I think this happens for everybody.

(2h 6m 6s)

But you basically pass out and then a human feeds you a sugar cube and teaches you like how to care for bees if you see them in distress, that kind of thing.

(2h 6m 16s)

Um, and yeah, so basically the story for me, took about 4 to 5 hours.

(2h 6m 16s) Codey:

Mm-hmm.

(2h 6m 24s)

Yeah.

(2h 6m 24s) Chelsea:

Um, is that kind of the same for you? Or a little less.

(2h 6m 27s) Codey:

Yep.

(2h 6m 28s) Chelsea:

Yeah, I didn’t do everything.

(2h 6m 30s)

So I still have, I got to credits.

(2h 6m 32s)

But I still have a lot of things left to do.

(2h 6m 32s) Codey:

Yep.

(2h 6m 35s) Chelsea:

Um, things I didn’t even think about, like, uh, change the radio with your stinger.

(2h 6m 40s)

Um,

(2h 6m 41s) Codey:

Yeah, nope, not gonna do that.

(2h 6m 42s) Chelsea:

No, but meanwhile, um, while you’re going around as a bee, you can turn into bee vision, which is basically I want to say, not infrared, but, I don’t know if bees actually do this, but like this these things inverted almost in colour.

(2h 6m 57s)

Um, is that kind of,

(2h 7m) Codey:

Uh, so it, they, it’s not something they can turn off or turn on.

(2h 7m 4s)

They basically, uh, bees have a different spectra that they can see, and they can actually see ultraviolet.

(2h 7m 5s) Chelsea:

No, no.

(2h 7m 11s) Codey:

So, um, when they look at a flower, for example, there are usually lines that we can’t see in the flower that kind of direct the bee wear on the flower to go.

(2h 7m 23s)

Um, and depending on the bees, like they might like certain, they might prefer certain flower colours, um, whatever.

(2h 7m 33s)

Uh, it will almost always not be a red flower.

(2h 7m 36s)

But there is a, there is some truth to some resources being better than others.

(2h 7m 43s) Chelsea:

Okay, yeah, because they have it categorised as like epic pollen.

(2h 7m 46s) Codey:

Yeah, there will be some pollen that is, and there’s actually a whole like study of of bees where, um, people are looking at the nutritional capability of different flowers and how different bee species need specific pollen nectar ratios.

(2h 7m 46s) Chelsea:

Um.

(2h 8m 3s) Codey:

Um, or and sorry, not pollinectar, uh, protein lipid.

(2h 8m 4s) Chelsea:

Oh, interesting.

(2h 8m 8s) Codey:

Oh my goodness.

(2h 8m 9s)

So the ratio of protein to fat, that either the pollen or the nectar might provide, and that certain species of bee might prefer certain flowers, because it has a ratio that is closer to what they need.

(2h 8m 25s) Chelsea:

Oh, interesting.

(2h 8m 25s) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 8m 26s) Chelsea:

Um, yeah, that was not really mentioned.

(2h 8m 29s)

In the game.

(2h 8m 30s) Codey:

No, there’s there’s I will get to my critique.

(2h 8m 33s) Chelsea:

Yes, okay.

(2h 8m 33s) Codey:

But I’ll let you keep excited.

(2h 8m 34s) Chelsea:

Um, sure.

(2h 8m 36s)

So you can go around, like once you beat the story, you can kind of just free Rome as you want.

(2h 8m 41s)

And I think even without the main story.

(2h 8m 44s)

You still can.

(2h 8m 44s)

I just wanted to get to the credits to see what the end was.

(2h 8m 45s) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 8m 47s) Chelsea:

But you can come across different wildlife and you can record them with knowledge points in your hive.

(2h 8m 54s)

You have this little archive library where you can make a little, um, nature journal, I want to say, where you make these little trophies of, you know, an ants or a deer and like all these different creatures that you come across.

(2h 9m) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 9m 6s) Chelsea:

Um, and then you can ask them for advice throughout the game.

(2h 9m 10s)

But, um, and with the loading screens and stuff.

(2h 9m 15s)

It gives facts that, you know, you may not know and resources to help your your local bee community.

(2h 9m 21s) Codey:

Mm-hmm.

(2h 9m 21s) Chelsea:

Um, I bought it on sale.

(2h 9m 25s)

Um, this game’s from 2019 and it’s still being sold at $55 Canadian, full price.

(2h 9m 33s)

Um, I don’t know how I feel about that.

(2h 9m 36s)

Um, if you really want to play it, though, I guess, you know, you’ll play what you want, but uh, I don’t think it’s a really long game from what I’ve seen, even if you want to 100% completed.

(2h 9m 41s) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 9m 45s) Chelsea:

I’ve seen people say it takes about 10 hours to unlock everything to get the 100% achievement.

(2h 9m 50s)

Um, yeah, so what are your thoughts?

(2h 9m 50s) Codey:

Mm-hmm.

(2h 9m 53s) Chelsea:

What are your, uh, accurate nature thoughts about this?

(2h 9m 54s) Codey:

Okay.

(2h 9m 56s)

Yeah.

(2h 9m 57s)

I’m gonna go down the list.

(2h 9m 59s)

Okay, so.

(2h 10m) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(2h 10m 1s) Codey:

So be life cycle.

(2h 10m 2s)

You wake up and pick a name and then they’re immediately like, get to foraging.

(2h 10m 5s)

Uh, wrong.

(2h 10m 8s)

So, be, honeybees, when they emerge from their nest cell, uh, they are and they are immediately become nurse bees.

(2h 10m 10s) Chelsea:

Wrong.

(2h 10m 19s) Codey:

So they immediately begin taking care of the bees that were there that are right there as well.

(2h 10m 24s)

Um,

(2h 10m 27s)

They might also do have like nest cleaning or like, yeah, hive cleaning duties.

(2h 10m 34s)

So there are some that are kind of like the janitors of the nest.

(2h 10m 37s)

Um, so if like a bee died in it or if they find something that is, um, bad, like something, uh, just some type of debris or something, they will remove those, they, if they find a tear in the hive, they’ll fix that with wax.

(2h 10m 55s)

Um, uh, or propolis is another thing that they use for that.

(2h 11m 1s)

Um, but it isn’t until they’re like a week or 2 old that they will switch to becoming foragers.

(2h 11m 9s)

So the waking up and immediately being a forager is not correct.

(2h 11m 10s) Chelsea:

Okay.

(2h 11m 13s) Codey:

Um,

(2h 11m 15s)

But otherwise, I mean, the foraging part seemed fine to me, going out and bringing stuff back.

(2h 11m 21s)

Um, the, um, collecting.

(2h 11m 25s)

I mean, you just fly, fly and we just, yeah, I mean, it’s that’s pretty standard.

(2h 11m 31s) Chelsea:

Yeah, they have checkpoints where it’s like, oh, my legs are dripping with pollen.

(2h 11m 36s)

I need to drop this off at the honeycomb.

(2h 11m 37s) Codey:

Yeah, um, the race, I mean, be probably don’t race each other in the wild.

(2h 11m 42s)

I don’t know, though.

(2h 11m 42s) Chelsea:

No, well, no, no.

(2h 11m 43s) Codey:

We don’t know that.

(2h 11m 43s) Chelsea:

I don’t know that.

(2h 11m 44s) Codey:

I I don’t know that.

(2h 11m 45s)

Okay, the fight.

(2h 11m 47s)

So this is not accurate either.

(2h 11m 49s)

Like, if an individual bee were to start fighting a wasp, like, she’s going to fly away.

(2h 11m 56s)

She’s not she’s not going to try and do that.

(2h 11m 58s)

Um, and it was usually yellow jackets specifically, which don’t really mess with bees.

(2h 12m 4s)

So, with, specifically, honey.

(2h 12m 5s) Chelsea:

No, and they were all French for some reason.

(2h 12m 7s) Codey:

They were all French.

(2h 12m 8s)

They were all like really mean, like they were just so mean and so I didn’t, I didn’t appreciate that.

(2h 12m 14s)

Because for the most part, they’re not going to be messing.

(2h 12m 18s)

There are some wasps that, uh, and I’m trying to remember, I think they are in the family vet.

(2h 12m 24s)

I know there are some in the family Vespity, but there might be some in the family’s Fekity as well.

(2h 12m 29s)

that, um, will attack honeybee hives.

(2h 12m 32s)

Like, think of the murder hornet.

(2h 12m 34s)

Um, that is a Vespid, uh, wasp that will come and kill a bunch of honeybees and will either eat them or use them to provision her nest.

(2h 12m 46s)

I’m not, I don’t really understand that they’re, um, not in the North America, but a few individuals were found in North America and everyone thought that they were going to take over, um, and they’re going to be here.

(2h 12m 57s)

Did you not hear about this at all?

(2h 12m 59s)

Okay, I was like, wait, you.

(2h 13m) Chelsea:

Yeah, I, I, I, I kind of suppressed it a little bit.

(2h 13m 3s) Codey:

You said, oh, wow.

(2h 13m 4s) Chelsea:

Yeah, no, it’s it’s talking about memory.

(2h 13m 5s) Codey:

And I was like, excuse me.

(2h 13m 5s) Chelsea:

Hold on.

(2h 13m 6s) Codey:

Because this is huge.

(2h 13m 7s) Chelsea:

No, I remember, I think I suppressed it a little bit.

(2h 13m 8s) Codey:

Well, because it was also, it was a 2020 thing as well.

(2h 13m 12s)

So then we were all at home and we were all.

(2h 13m 14s) Chelsea:

Put the hornets back.

(2h 13m 15s) Codey:

Yeah, and people were like, murder hornet, like this this year can’t get any worse.

(2h 13m 18s) Chelsea:

Yes.

(2h 13m 20s) Codey:

Um,

(2h 13m 21s) Chelsea:

Surprise.

(2h 13m 21s) Codey:

But and and when bees do fight against something like that.

(2h 13m 29s)

what they do is they actually, and like you, I guess you kind of do this at one point, like the wasps come to your hive and you kind of dogpile onto them.

(2h 13m 39s)

So that’s what they do.

(2h 13m 41s)

Um, uh, honeybees will jump on top of the whatever the wasp, whatever whatever wasp or whatever it is.

(2h 13m 49s)

And they kind of dogpile onto it.

(2h 13m 51s)

So then you don’t see the wasp anymore.

(2h 13m 52s)

You just see a writhing mass of bees.

(2h 13m 54s)

And they then vibrate their thoracic muscles and their wing muscles and that generates heat and they basically cook the wasp.

(2h 14m 3s)

And that is how they fight.

(2h 14m 7s)

Yeah.

(2h 14m 7s) Chelsea:

Wow.

(2h 14m 8s)

So yeah, you’re not meeting them alone.

(2h 14m 8s) Codey:

So, That could have been really cool. That could have been really cool.

(2h 14m 10s) Chelsea:

Like, you’re not doing a one-to-one.

(2h 14m 13s)

Yeah.

(2h 14m 14s) Codey:

Um.

(2h 14m 15s) Chelsea:

Yeah, no, because, um,

(2h 14m 18s)

This is kind of a silly question probably, but do bees know that if they sting that they’re done.

(2h 14m 24s) Codey:

I don’t necessarily know if we, I don’t think.

(2h 14m 26s) Chelsea:

I don’t know why I’m asking you like.

(2h 14m 28s) Codey:

No, no, it’s fine.

(2h 14m 28s)

I don’t, I don’t know if they know, like, we don’t really have a way to understand that.

(2h 14m 29s) Chelsea:

Can you communicate with these?

(2h 14m 35s) Codey:

But the other thing is that so.

(2h 14m 37s)

Uh, so yeah, honeybee females, when they, so males, male, anything, male wasps don’t have, uh, a stinger, because the stinger is a modify ovipositor, and the ovipositor is an egg laying organ, which is a female thing, males have penises instead, period.

(2h 14m 55s)

And so if it’s a male, it’s not going to be able to sting.

(2h 14m 58s)

any that are going to possibly sting you is going to be female.

(2h 15m 1s)

Um,

(2h 15m 2s)

And the barbed nature of the honeybee stinger is effective, uh, at like the, it will actually stick in the skin of pretty much specifically a mammal.

(2h 15m 16s)

Um, and we think that it evolved because of bears.

(2h 15m 19s)

Um, and so, like, if a bee stays another insect, it will break the cuticle, but it won’t stick in the same way that it does human skin.

(2h 15m 20s) Chelsea:

Interesting.

(2h 15m 31s) Codey:

So they could repeatedly sting a wasp like that.

(2h 15m 35s)

And when like queens are fighting, for example, um, like if there are more than one queen in a hive, um, or if the colony is mad at their queen and they want to kill her, they stinger, they stinger, they bite her, like whatever.

(2h 15m 48s)

Like it’s just another weapon.

(2h 15m 50s)

Um,

(2h 15m 52s)

But it’s not something that it’s not their 1st line of attack.

(2h 15m 56s)

not like the way that it is in the game.

(2h 15m 58s)

Um,

(2h 15m 58s) Chelsea:

No, you’re like, hit them with your stinger right now.

(2h 16m 2s) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 16m 2s)

Uh, I mean, it’s a it’s a rhythm game.

(2h 16m 5s)

It’s interesting, but yeah, it’s not quite the same.

(2h 16m 9s)

Um, The dance?

(2h 16m 12s)

Okay, so the waggle dance that bees do is on the comb.

(2h 16m 17s)

So the dance that you do in the game is in midair with another individual B.

(2h 16m 23s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(2h 16m 25s) Codey:

And basically, uh, when a bee does a waggle dance.

(2h 16m 28s)

She comes back to her hive.

(2h 16m 30s)

She has found a resource and they do this not only for, um, for food, but also if they’re swarming.

(2h 16m 36s)

So they will actually go searching for a new home.

(2h 16m 40s)

This is something that bees will actually do when they’re swarming.

(2h 16m 42s)

Um, and they will do another similar dance to, um, to communicate to the other bees about the quality of their home.

(2h 16m 51s)

So the waggle dance has 3 components.

(2h 16m 54s)

It conveys direction, it conveys, distance, and it conveys quality.

(2h 17m 1s)

So they basically move in a figure 8 motion.

(2h 17m 5s)

And the amount of time that she spends doing the, the actually, she’s like moving her butt back and forth and she’s waggling in a straight line.

(2h 17m 15s)

That is conveying distance, the actual, how she is oriented, like think of a clock.

(2h 17m 24s)

If she’s oriented at 3 o’clock on the frame or 6 o’clock on the frame or whatever, that is how she’s telling uh, the orientation, like what actual direction to go to.

(2h 17m 36s)

Um, and I think that I don’t 100% know, but it has to do with the sun.

(2h 17m 42s)

Like she’s basically saying this direction from the sun.

(2h 17m 45s)

Like this much of an angle from the sun.

(2h 17m 47s)

Uh, go that direction for this amount of time, for this, this long.

(2h 17m 52s)

And then how quickly she returns to the front of the dance conveys, um, quality.

(2h 17m 59s)

It’s nuts.

(2h 18m) Chelsea:

Wow, that’s incredible.

(2h 18m 1s) Codey:

It’s absolutely nuts.

(2h 18m 2s)

And so if you see, to be side by side. And one, um, you know, she waggles her her straight line portion is fairly short.

(2h 18m 12s)

So you’re like, okay, cool, pretty close by, right?

(2h 18m 14s)

Um, And she’s oriented, I guess the the actual direction doesn’t really matter.

(2h 18m 21s)

But then her return journey is kind of slow.

(2h 18m 24s)

So she’s basically saying, it’s an okay resource, but it’s pretty close by.

(2h 18m 29s)

But then you see like Martha down the down the comb and she is just a speed demon and even like even though her straight portion is pretty long, so it’s probably fairly far away, she is excited about that thing, like, 0 my goodness.

(2h 18m 47s)

And then they will actually do the waggle dance before they deposit, they regurgitate from their honeys, the nectar from their honey stomach.

(2h 18m 56s)

And so other females will come up to her.

(2h 18m 59s)

She’ll be like, Martha, like what?

(2h 19m 1s)

What are you talking about?

(2h 19m 2s)

And she’ll they’ll basically, she’ll regurgitate some as like, um, a taste.

(2h 19m 6s)

She’s like, here’s a sample.

(2h 19m 7s) Chelsea:

Try this.

(2h 19m 7s) Codey:

Try it.

(2h 19m 9s)

And then, you know, if whoever, whatever B is the most convincing, um, is the resource that they go is like the where what resources they’re going to go with.

(2h 19m 19s)

And then when that female gets back, she will convey the information again, and they just do that over, like they’re constantly doing that.

(2h 19m 28s)

Honeybee hives have like 10s of 1000s of individuals.

(2h 19m 33s)

So on any amount of comb, like any comb that is the honeycomb part of their, um, the structure that they’ve created, it, this is happening, like dozens of times because they will all go out en masse and find resources and come back and and communicate how how good the resources or whatever.

(2h 19m 52s) Chelsea:

Girl, you’ll never believe what I just found.

(2h 19m 55s) Codey:

Girl?

(2h 19m 55s)

Or like, it’s okay.

(2h 19m 57s)

I mean, if we have nothing else to choose from, like we could do this.

(2h 20m 1s)

Um…

(2h 20m 2s) Chelsea:

Right.

(2h 20m 2s)

Yeah, the dance the dancing in the game was like, here’s where your mom is.

(2h 20m 7s) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 20m 7s) Chelsea:

I’m gonna show you this dance and like, obviously it’s a, you know what I mean?

(2h 20m 11s) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 20m 11s) Chelsea:

It’s not a simulator.

(2h 20m 12s) Codey:

It’s like a rhythm game, yeah.

(2h 20m 12s) Chelsea:

RPG.

(2h 20m 13s)

I’d say.

(2h 20m 13s)

Yeah, and it’s cute.

(2h 20m 15s) Codey:

As well.

(2h 20m 16s) Chelsea:

Yeah, but midair, like you’re not going to see that.

(2h 20m 16s) Codey:

But.

(2h 20m 20s)

Yeah, you’re not gonna see it quite like that.

(2h 20m 21s)

Um, Sting.

(2h 20m 24s)

Okay, so a straightforward bully singing.

(2h 20m 26s)

So they’re basically, you sting people for fun wouldn’t happen because again, if you sting a mammal, that stinger coming out.

(2h 20m 30s) Chelsea:

Yep.

(2h 20m 30s)

So.

(2h 20m 35s) Codey:

And not only does the stinger come out, but usually, so there’s also the venom gland comes out.

(2h 20m 42s)

So attached to honeybee stingers, there’s a venom gland that is constantly producing venom, and then attached to that is also a muscle that when the stinger is activated, and the venom is activated.

(2h 20m 57s)

The muscle will pump venom, and will basically continue to pump venom.

(2h 21m 3s)

And there’s an also a gland that emits alarm pheromone.

(2h 21m 8s)

And so basically, you know, the queen, or not the queen, the female stings you, she gets brushed off, falls off, whatever, and she’s like 5 feet away, right?

(2h 21m 18s)

But the beacon that is telling all of the other females,

(2h 21m 22s)

This is the problem is still in you.

(2h 21m 26s)

It’s still in your skin.

(2h 21m 27s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(2h 21m 28s) Codey:

So the 1st thing to do is to get that out and move away because they will, they use that pheromone, that alarm pheromone to basically, it’s like all hands on deck.

(2h 21m 39s)

We need to, this is a problem, and we need to fight it, and as long as you smell like that, you’re gonna get bees.

(2h 21m 48s)

As long as you’re in the area of the colony, you’re going to continue to get attacked.

(2h 21m 52s)

So you need to move away.

(2h 21m 53s)

That’s why like water might be good.

(2h 21m 55s)

It’s also why beekeepers use smoke because the smoke masks the pheromones.

(2h 21m 59s) Chelsea:

Yep.

(2h 22m 1s) Codey:

So even if some of them are like our omitting alarm pheromone, then it like dulls it on top of, if you put smoke in the air, when they’re breathing, it kind of like, I mean, if you’ve ever walked through a cloud of smoke, you know.

(2h 22m 17s)

Um, like you just, you kind of get distracted by, uh, breathing.

(2h 22m 22s)

rather than whatever might be hurting you in the area.

(2h 22m 23s) Chelsea:

Right.

(2h 22m 25s) Codey:

And then once you leave, they’re fine.

(2h 22m 27s)

But um, yeah.

(2h 22m 29s)

So stinging is not necessarily something they’re gonna, it’s not, no, not that way.

(2h 22m 35s) Chelsea:

I figured it was just for fun because you can, one of the achievements is pop all the balloons.

(2h 22m 36s) Codey:

Yeah, no.

(2h 22m 39s)

Yeah.

(2h 22m 40s) Chelsea:

It’s like, oh, just something to do.

(2h 22m 40s) Codey:

I mean, that’s cute.

(2h 22m 41s)

I don’t know if I don’t know what they would do with a balloon.

(2h 22m 44s)

Um, yeah, this place is this place is basically Central Park.

(2h 22m 48s)

And your hive, your initial hive is in a tree in the elk exhibit of the Central Park Zoo is what seems like is happening.

(2h 22m 49s) Chelsea:

Yep.

(2h 22m 57s) Codey:

And it the tree that you have.

(2h 22m 59s) Chelsea:

Yes.

(2h 23m) Codey:

It looks like a really old ratchety tree.

(2h 23m 3s)

So I think the humans are just trying to get rid of it, like to chop it down because it’s just an old ass tree.

(2h 23m 10s)

Like that tree’s…

(2h 23m 11s) Chelsea:

Yeah, I wouldn’t say there’s any like, it’s not like the evil humans are deforesting.

(2h 23m 15s)

It’s like, no, this tree is going to kill all the elk in this exhibit, if it falls.

(2h 23m 15s) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 23m 19s)

Yeah, this tree is going to fall on one of these elk and it’s going that elk is going to get killed because this is a giant old tree.

(2h 23m 23s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(2h 23m 25s) Codey:

Um, I mean, and it could also be that, like, they see that there’s a beehive in there and they’re like, wait a minute, like, like, we don’t want this.

(2h 23m 33s)

This is a zoo, right?

(2h 23m 36s)

I don’t necessarily think it’s that.

(2h 23m 38s)

I think it’s more likely that it’s the, that this is a dead ass tree.

(2h 23m 42s)

Um, You can’t understand what they’re saying.

(2h 23m 42s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(2h 23m 45s) Codey:

Like if you go up to any of the people to sting them or whatever, it’s like garble, like there’s no, you can’t tell what they’re saying.

(2h 23m 50s) Chelsea:

It’s kind of funny.

(2h 23m 51s)

Yeah, it’s like the, Charlie Brown, like, wa, wa, wa, wa, like no clue what’s happening.

(2h 23m 53s) Codey:

Wah, wah, wah, yeah.

(2h 23m 56s)

Yep.

(2h 23m 56s) Chelsea:

I thought that was a neat touch.

(2h 23m 58s) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 23m 59s)

So I guess that’s my.

(2h 24m 1s)

Oh, I, one more uh, nit to pick.

(2h 24m 4s)

Um, I, when I started playing this, I immediately took, um, a note.

(2h 24m 5s) Chelsea:

Okay.

(2h 24m 14s) Codey:

I just got to scroll back through.

(2h 24m 15s)

Um, okay.

(2h 24m 17s)

The one of the very 1st thing.

(2h 24m 20s)

So whenever you start a new game, it goes over like how important honeybees are, how important pollinators are, da da da da.

(2h 24m 26s)

And one of the things they say verbatim is honeybees are the most important pollinators, and I was triggered by that.

(2h 24m 36s) Chelsea:

You’re like, hmm, actually.

(2h 24m 38s) Codey:

No, actually, like it, the, what is the most important pollinator is an it depends on what is being pollinated?

(2h 24m 47s)

Um, something like alfal.

(2h 24m 49s) Chelsea:

That’s such a vague term.

(2h 24m 49s) Codey:

It’s so vague.

(2h 24m 51s)

Like something like alfalfa.

(2h 24m 53s)

But honeybees cannot pollinate it, period, because the pollen is like spring loaded, and then they don’t really catch it.

(2h 25m 1s)

So they just get their bootees handed to them whenever they try and pollinate alfalfa.

(2h 25m 7s)

There’s a whole other beef for that, my guy.

(2h 25m 10s)

like don’t even.

(2h 25m 11s)

So people don’t use, they, they will use alfalfa mining bees for, or, or, mason bees for that.

(2h 25m 16s)

Um, so yeah, it really, the whole like honeybees are the most important pollinators.

(2h 25m 21s)

Mm, no.

(2h 25m 22s)

And especially because it seems like it’s Central Park.

(2h 25m 25s)

If you’re talking about North America,

(2h 25m 27s)

The majority of the flowers in this area have not coevolved with honeybees, they’ve coevolved with other bees.

(2h 25m 34s)

And another thing is that honeybees, um, because they collect a resource.

(2h 25m 34s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(2h 25m 40s) Codey:

They will monopolise a resource, and if there are other bees trying to use that resource.

(2h 25m 44s)

They will actively, like, dissuade other, like, like dissuade other bees from using the resource.

(2h 25m 49s)

Um, and also just make it so that other bees can’t use the resource because they’ve used it all, right?

(2h 25m 55s)

And so honeybees might actually, there’s still, the jury’s still out, but a lot of entomologists, myself included, think that honeybees will have a negative impact on native North American bees because of the way that they go and eat everything.

(2h 25m 56s) Chelsea:

Okay.

(2h 26m 10s) Codey:

So then they just they just hoard them all.

(2h 26m 11s) Chelsea:

They just hoard all the resources.

(2h 26m 14s) Codey:

Um, So the the statement honeybees are the most important pollinators.

(2h 26m 19s)

I got to refute it.

(2h 26m 21s)

No.

(2h 26m 22s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(2h 26m 23s)

Like, I give, like, I know they’re trying to, you know, raise awareness and I feel like this game would be more meant for children. Like, as a science like project, maybe like, oh, let’s let’s learn about bees and stuff.

(2h 26m 34s) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 26m 36s) Chelsea:

But yeah, I like, Pretty easy to get these facts correct, I think.

(2h 26m 38s) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 26m 41s)

I do also think there are ways that they could have still used the same, like they could have had the dance thing, but still have it be true.

(2h 26m 52s)

Like, still have, like, just do the waggle dance, my guy.

(2h 26m 54s)

Like just, just do it.

(2h 26m 55s) Chelsea:

Still a bit?

(2h 26m 56s) Codey:

Um, Or like fight, only have the fight happen when it’s wasps trying to get into your hive and you go and jump on, jump on the wasp with your sisters and cook it.

(2h 26m 57s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(2h 26m 58s)

One thing for me that.

(2h 27m 8s) Codey:

Like.

(2h 27m 10s) Chelsea:

Yeah, I wish, yeah, because they they show a cut scene of you vibrating through the through the winter.

(2h 27m 15s)

Like, you’re all cuddling together.

(2h 27m 15s) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 27m 17s) Chelsea:

That’s one of the cutscenes for like, and then then we were quiet through the winter and then it warmed up and all that stuff, which was nice.

(2h 27m 24s)

But yeah, then you have like this French angry wasp out of nowhere, attacking you.

(2h 27m 30s) Codey:

Why France?

(2h 27m 30s) Chelsea:

And I’m like, what is happening?

(2h 27m 32s) Codey:

Like France, France is, France is catching strays here.

(2h 27m 33s) Chelsea:

And it’s,

(2h 27m 35s)

And it’s all the same person.

(2h 27m 38s)

It’s so funny.

(2h 27m 39s) Codey:

It is.

(2h 27m 40s) Chelsea:

Like, I wish I could just play a clip, but you’re like, me.

(2h 27m 45s) Codey:

It’s like the, the one voice, like she’ll talk normally, but then 1st another bee, she might just like have a little bit of a high voice and then she’ll talk, and then it’s, and then when it’s the wasp, it’s just, it’s just angry and me, and it’s like,

(2h 27m 52s) Chelsea:

Yeah, the babies have the higher.

(2h 27m 58s)

Angry and oh, frosted.

(2h 28m)

Like, wow, okay.

(2h 28m 2s)

No, and then, okay, so the scene where you have to find the new hive and your hive is collapsing and you’re going to go get all the baby larvae.

(2h 28m 7s) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 28m 9s) Chelsea:

So is that kind of all hands on deck for that kind of thing or are there designated bees to do that?

(2h 28m 11s) Codey:

Um.

(2h 28m 15s)

I, I don’t, I don’t think they take the babies.

(2h 28m 20s) Chelsea:

Okay, yeah, I was like, are you sure they’re taking all these like little baby larvae?

(2h 28m 23s) Codey:

So, Ants definitely do that.

(2h 28m 27s)

Like an ant will definitely, like they, because their, their larvae are just in, in a tunnel and they can just grab them.

(2h 28m 35s)

Honeybee larvae are in like a hole that you would then they would then have to like pull them out of.

(2h 28m 42s)

And I just don’t.

(2h 28m 43s) Chelsea:

That was my question too.

(2h 28m 45s)

was like, are they in like a encasement?

(2h 28m 47s) Codey:

Yeah, so honey, all honeybee, larvae, they basically, like, think of honeycomb.

(2h 28m 47s) Chelsea:

And you have the…

(2h 28m 51s) Codey:

They’re just in that.

(2h 28m 51s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(2h 28m 52s) Codey:

I mean, they just put them, they just, so there’s usually in a, in a honeybee hive, like the kinds that we have.

(2h 28m 58s)

There’s usually what is known as a frame that is the honey, like they’ll, they’ll have a couple that are honey frames that are all, will all have honey.

(2h 29m 7s)

But then they will have a few healthy colonies will have a few, um, larval frames as well.

(2h 29m 13s)

So it’s an entire frame that is like the same size as a honey frame, but it’s full of babies.

(2h 29m 18s)

Um, and I don’t, I really don’t think they take them.

(2h 29m 23s) Chelsea:

So I was going to say, if a hybrid to collapse, are they just trying to like, That’s kind of collateral damage.

(2h 29m 26s) Codey:

They just bail.

(2h 29m 28s)

Because it’s, I mean, it’s not, it’s not worth it.

(2h 29m 32s)

Like if you don’t have a home in which to put that female, that larva to then raise it, because you won’t even have resources to provide that larva, because all the resources are in the home that you just left.

(2h 29m 33s) Chelsea:

No.

(2h 29m 42s)

That’s it.

(2h 29m 44s) Codey:

So you wouldn’t, they wouldn’t do that at all.

(2h 29m 47s)

It would just.

(2h 29m 48s) Chelsea:

Well, that’s like what I texted you last night.

(2h 29m 49s)

I’m like, so what mental illness is it that I’m crying a beast simulator over these larvae?

(2h 29m 55s)

And you’re like, oh.

(2h 29m 59s)

I figured, like, it’s like, not a kind of a fetch quest, like, oh, save the babies.

(2h 30m 6s) Codey:

Yeah, and it was.

(2h 30m 7s) Chelsea:

But I’m like, they probably don’t do that in real life.

(2h 30m 9s)

They probably just save, you know, like majority rules, get out of there if you can.

(2h 30m 13s) Codey:

No, I think.

(2h 30m 13s) Chelsea:

Self preservation.

(2h 30m 15s) Codey:

So something that does happen that I want to do a greenhouse on this, something that does happen, um, is the males.

(2h 30m 23s)

So we’ve mostly been talking about females because the majority of them are females, but the colony will create males, like the female, sorry, the colony will develop drone cells, which are larger than a regular cell.

(2h 30m 35s)

And the queen will tell can tell that it’s larger.

(2h 30m 40s)

She measures whenever that she’s laying an egg.

(2h 30m 43s)

She measures it with her antenna.

(2h 30m 45s)

And depending on the size, she will lay either a fertilised egg, which becomes a female or an unfertilised egg, which becomes a male.

(2h 30m 53s)

And if it, if a, uh, once the males hatch in our, they basically just like, are free loaders in the hive, like they will just eat the honey.

(2h 31m 3s)

And then during the day, they like heck off to go to an area that’s called a congregation zone area where they, all the males of all the neighbouring hives, just kind of chill and like fly around in a circle until…

(2h 31m 17s) Chelsea:

Oh my god.

(2h 31m 18s)

Every species of my.

(2h 31m 20s) Codey:

Until, Until like freshly emerged queens that are unmated will fly and they’ll find these drone congregation areas and they will then mate with an average of 12 males and they will save all of the sperm in a specialised organ they have called the spermatheca.

(2h 31m 20s) Chelsea:

I’m kidding, don’t cancel me.

(2h 31m 22s)

No, cancel me.

(2h 31m 42s) Codey:

Um, and then she will then use all of that sperm that she has, that she has gotten to create all of the workers that she ever, like she only ever has to do that flight wants.

(2h 31m 51s)

She never has to leave the hive once she’s mated.

(2h 31m 54s)

But if you’re a male, and you somehow, and the males die, the males just die after they mate.

(2h 31m 54s) Chelsea:

Wow.

(2h 32m) Codey:

But if you’re a male and you you survive to winter, There is a day where the females, the workers are just like, uh, you’re done.

(2h 32m 12s)

And they will root out all of the males in the hive and bite them and sting them and run them out of the hive and chew off their wings.

(2h 32m 22s)

And if the males try and get back into the hive, they just kick him out again, like they are at their ready at the gate, like you are not getting back in.

(2h 32m 22s) Chelsea:

Oh my gosh.

(2h 32m 31s) Codey:

And, There is an amazing book, um, called The Life of a Bee that I found, uh, a copy of that is, it was written in like the early 1900s and there was an entire chapter.

(2h 32m 32s) Chelsea:

Stay out of our sisterhood.

(2h 32m 45s) Codey:

Well, the whole book is like a flowery way, like the way that the author writes is very flowery describing things and he has an entire chapter called the massacre of the males that describes this whole process.

(2h 33m 1s)

And I, for a greenhouse, I just want to read this, like read this chapter. So we don’t have to do it today, but like, because we’ve been recording for how many.

(2h 33m 5s) Chelsea:

Okay, let’s do it.

(2h 33m 6s)

I’m I need.

(2h 33m 10s) Codey:

But like, I want to do it because, and that would, that would be another thing that would have been so fun.

(2h 33m 12s) Chelsea:

Yes.

(2h 33m 16s) Codey:

Like that could have been the fetch quest.

(2h 33m 18s)

It’s like, okay, we need to leave.

(2h 33m 20s)

But on top of that, we yeah, we don’t need these men.

(2h 33m 20s) Chelsea:

Let’s kill all the men.

(2h 33m 24s) Codey:

Like, these men are going to try and follow us and they’re just going to use resources.

(2h 33m 27s)

We’re trying to rebuild and they’re just like eating and not providing anything.

(2h 33m 32s)

We don’t need them right now.

(2h 33m 33s) Chelsea:

Mooching off the ladies.

(2h 33m 34s) Codey:

Let’s just go kill the men.

(2h 33m 36s)

Um, and I know like that’s…

(2h 33m 38s) Chelsea:

Can you imagine that in Bee Simulator?

(2h 33m 41s) Codey:

I literally, I literally was just like, let’s go kill the men and I was like, well, that’s probably the episode.

(2h 33m 46s) Chelsea:

And then you get a little like, you get like a little steam.

(2h 33m 47s) Codey:

That’s the episode title.

(2h 33m 49s)

And then also like…

(2h 33m 50s) Chelsea:

You get a little steam achievement pop up.

(2h 33m 52s) Codey:

Someone’s gonna, like, snap this out of, like, clip this out of context and be like, Cody thinks men should die.

(2h 33m 57s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(2h 34m)

No, no, no, no.

(2h 34m 3s) Codey:

But yeah, I think that would have been a great alternative fetch quest instead of, um,

(2h 34m 5s) Chelsea:

Oh my god.

(2h 34m 10s)

That should be, um, the finale of Bug Month for that greenhouse is just read that book.

(2h 34m 14s) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 34m 14s)

We should do it.

(2h 34m 16s)

Well, I don’t know about that.

(2h 34m 17s)

I haven’t read the whole book, but definitely at least that chapter.

(2h 34m 20s)

Um, I feel like because also just the way he writes.

(2h 34m 23s)

I’m like, why don’t we write this way anymore?

(2h 34m 25s)

Like now we’re talking about, you know, she uses her antenna to measure the diameter of the da da da.

(2h 34m 33s)

Like he probably would have said something like, the queen, um, assesses the the quality of the nest cell.

(2h 34m 41s)

And if it behoves her one way, chalet a drone.

(2h 34m 45s)

And if it, if she, if it catches her in another way.

(2h 34m 48s)

And like he is just very flowery, very like, We just don’t write like that anymore and part of me thinks we should.

(2h 34m 55s) Chelsea:

No.

(2h 34m 56s) Codey:

Because I would I need to read that book front to back.

(2h 34m 56s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(2h 35m) Codey:

I always just read the one chapter.

(2h 35m 4s) Chelsea:

I was always like, I’m wondering if the next chapter just goes back to normal and like it’s never mentioned again.

(2h 35m 9s) Codey:

Maybe, maybe we should, maybe like for that greenhouse, I’ll read the preceding chapter and then that chapter and then the following chapter.

(2h 35m 15s) Chelsea:

Oh, I see it here.

(2h 35m 16s)

The life of the B, Nobel Prize in literature.

(2h 35m 18s)

That one or the one by Maurice Maeterlink.

(2h 35m 21s) Codey:

Maurice Vaderling is what it is.

(2h 35m 21s) Chelsea:

There’s a…

(2h 35m 23s)

Yeah.

(2h 35m 23s)

Okay, yeah, okay.

(2h 35m 25s)

Yep.

(2h 35m 26s)

I’m going to see if my library has it because I am very curious.

(2h 35m 26s) Codey:

Yep.

(2h 35m 27s)

You should, dude.

(2h 35m 30s)

I love that, but.

(2h 35m 32s) Chelsea:

Anyway, if you want to have a cute romanticised idea of how a bee survives.

(2h 35m 32s) Codey:

Uh, yeah.

(2h 35m 37s)

Mm-hmm.

(2h 35m 37s) Chelsea:

This is a nice fun game for you.

(2h 35m 40s) Codey:

I still think it’s it’s like a fun, cute little game.

(2h 35m 42s) Chelsea:

It’s cute.

(2h 35m 42s) Codey:

I do think it like, it also, um, although it has some factual inaccuracies.

(2h 35m 47s)

It is still, it still paints bees in a really positive light.

(2h 35m 51s)

Um, so it’ll still possibly like endear some people who might be against bugs, 2 bugs.

(2h 35m 57s)

So I’m always here for that.

(2h 35m 59s)

Um, yeah.

(2h 36m 1s)

So I still would recommend it.

(2h 36m 3s)

I would probably recommend it for a younger audience and definitely do not pay 55 Canadian for it.

(2h 36m 8s) Chelsea:

No, please don’t.

(2h 36m 9s)

Please don’t.

(2h 36m 10s) Codey:

You got it on sale.

(2h 36m 10s) Chelsea:

It’s on steam sale right now.

(2h 36m 12s)

Yeah, I got it for, I think, 1999.

(2h 36m 15s) Codey:

Um.

(2h 36m 16s) Chelsea:

But I’ll probably go back and finish the, just see what some of the achievements are and get my money’s worth.

(2h 36m 21s) Codey:

Oh, it’s currently, you currently save 80%.

(2h 36m 24s)

It is $4.

(2h 36m 27s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(2h 36m 28s) Codey:

So it’s normally $20 USD.

(2h 36m 28s) Chelsea:

Come on.

(2h 36m 33s) Codey:

Our currencies are not that different, are they?

(2h 36m 35s) Chelsea:

Uh.

(2h 36m 35s) Codey:

No, they’re not.

(2h 36m 37s)

Yeah, it’s cur and it’s $27 Canadian on Steam here.

(2h 36m 42s) Chelsea:

That’s okay, because on Switch, it’s 15.

(2h 36m 45s) Codey:

Yeah, no, it’s that’s how much it is.

(2h 36m 47s)

And then it’s currently $4, uh, which is 558 Canadian and then, you know what?

(2h 36m 53s)

Just for gigs.

(2h 36m 55s)

Let’s do the Euro.

(2h 36m 56s)

Uh, 3

(2h 36m 58s)

Oh, wow, the dollar sucks.

(2h 36m 59s)

(2h 37m 3s)

Uh, it is 350, 3.5 euros right now on Steam, at least.

(2h 37m 4s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(2h 37m 13s) Codey:

But yeah, that, oh, there’s an art book.

(2h 37m 15s)

Oh yeah, there’s the hive bundle.

(2h 37m 18s) Chelsea:

Oh, the DLC where you can customise your own honeycomb.

(2h 37m 21s)

I think is what it is.

(2h 37m 26s) Codey:

Oh, it says literally says a world inspired by Central Park.

(2h 37m 28s)

Get out of here.

(2h 37m 30s)

Introducing new mechanics game modes and fresh as spring pollen content.

(2h 37m 30s) Chelsea:

You ever?

(2h 37m 34s) Codey:

Interesting.

(2h 37m 35s) Chelsea:

Uh.

(2h 37m 36s) Codey:

Yeah, I’m not going to do it.

(2h 37m 38s)

But um…

(2h 37m 39s) Chelsea:

That’s great for someone else.

(2h 37m 40s) Codey:

Great.

(2h 37m 42s)

It’s great for someone else.

(2h 37m 43s)

I am curious what they added, but not enough to play it again.

(2h 37m 47s)

I mean, and it’s so it’s also on game pass.

(2h 37m 49s)

which is how I played it.

(2h 37m 51s)

So I didn’t pay anything for it.

(2h 37m 51s) Chelsea:

Okay.

(2h 37m 52s) Codey:

So it’s one of those, like, if you have Game Pass, it’s worth looking at.

(2h 37m 55s)

I mean, it’s only like, like you said, and I similarly got to credits in like 4 hours.

(2h 38m)

So it’s not going to take your time.

(2h 38m 1s) Chelsea:

Yeah.

(2h 38m 4s) Codey:

It’s not going to take that much time away from you.

(2h 38m 7s)

So worth worth exploring.

(2h 38m 9s)

Um, but definitely, definitely uh, ruffled some of my feathers a little bit.

(2h 38m 11s) Chelsea:

Yeah, you.

(2h 38m 15s)

Yeah, it’s a good gateway into maybe being more interested in bugs, but uh…

(2h 38m 19s) Codey:

Mm-hmm.

(2h 38m 20s)

Yeah, if you want to play a honeybee game, I recommend Apico.

(2h 38m 23s)

So that is we’ve covered Apico on the podcast before.

(2h 38m 27s)

It’s a game in which you are a beekeeper, but you are using your powers for good.

(2h 38m 34s)

And you, um…

(2h 38m 37s)

I don’t know if you know.

(2h 38m 38s) Chelsea:

Or is the wording of that?

(2h 38m 39s) Codey:

I don’t know if you know the story or not.

(2h 38m 41s)

So, uh, it’s the developers from uh, Europe and in Europe, honeybees are native, so I will reduce some of my ire.

(2h 38m 51s)

But, um, all of the bees that you that are in Apico and the base Ipico are honeybees, basically.

(2h 38m 59s)

But you’re trying to find, um, the different species, like subspeed, and there’s like a water one and a pond one, like there, it’s not like a certain species.

(2h 39m 10s)

It’s like variants, basically.

(2h 39m 11s)

And you are trying to find them, collect them, and then return, like, like basically build them up and return them to the world.

(2h 39m 19s)

So it’s it’s nice.

(2h 39m 20s)

They also, I think, 10% of the proceeds go to supporting, um, uh, be, or uh, insect consteration.

(2h 39m 21s) Chelsea:

Oh, interesting.

(2h 39m 29s)

Oh, good.

(2h 39m 29s)

See, I’m hoping be simulated to something like that.

(2h 39m 32s) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 39m 32s)

I don’t I don’t know.

(2h 39m 32s) Chelsea:

But I don’t, I don’t see anything like off the top because I feel like if it did, it would be plastered everywhere.

(2h 39m 34s) Codey:

I don’t think they do.

(2h 39m 39s)

Yeah.

(2h 39m 39s) Chelsea:

Um,

(2h 39m 39s) Codey:

Um, but Apico, so when we covered Apico on the pod, um, we were talking to developer L, I had to go on my rant a little bit about how honeybees aren’t the only bees, da da da.

(2h 39m 52s)

So Ell ended up, they ended up developing a DLC in which solitary bees are introduced and butterflies. And the solitary bee scientist that like, she’s based on me.

(2h 40m 6s)

And she, yeah, she basically like comes to your island and she’s like, let me see your book and you show her your journal and she’s like, you don’t know anything and she like, tears out pages and adds a bunch of pages and she’s like, go learn about solitary bees.

(2h 40m 7s) Chelsea:

Oh my god!

(2h 40m 22s) Codey:

And I’m like, honestly, that’s, Kind of how I feel I come across sometimes.

(2h 40m 23s) Chelsea:

That’s incredible.

(2h 40m 28s) Codey:

So, um, but yeah, it’s, it’s, It was just really funny that I basically, like, we interviewed them and then I, I can’t remember if it was before the interview.

(2h 40m 31s) Chelsea:

That’s hilarious.

(2h 40m 31s)

amazing.

(2h 40m 32s)

Okay, I need to go play that.

(2h 40m 39s) Codey:

I think it was after the interview, like I was like, let me know if you want to hear about solitary beasts.

(2h 40m 45s) Chelsea:

That’s incredible.

(2h 40m 45s) Codey:

And then they like bounced a couple things off of me a couple times.

(2h 40m 48s)

Like, oh, how about this?

(2h 40m 51s)

What do you think of this?

(2h 40m 51s)

And I was like, yeah, sure.

(2h 40m 52s)

And then they were like, here’s your Sprite.

(2h 40m 55s)

Like, or give me a photo that can be your Sprite.

(2h 40m 57s) Chelsea:

This is you.

(2h 40m 58s) Codey:

And I was like, okay, here’s a photo of me in overalls.

(2h 41m 1s)

And then that’s what my character is wearing.

(2h 41m 3s) Chelsea:

Oh my god, okay, I need to look at that immediately.

(2h 41m 6s) Codey:

Um, yeah, it was, so that’s, if you want to play a game about honeybees, I, I’m a little biased, but also, I think it’s a game that’s actually, like, part of the proceeds go to support conservation, it covers, um, solitary bees and butterflies as well.

(2h 41m 22s)

And the butterfly scientist is also based on a real scientist.

(2h 41m 26s)

And I think, um, it’s not, it’s canon that, uh, so they’re, we’re both female scientists, pat scientists and it’s cannets that candid.

(2h 41m 27s) Chelsea:

So cool.

(2h 41m 36s) Codey:

Oh my gosh, cannon that they are roommates.

(2h 41m 42s) Chelsea:

Oh my god, they were roommate.

(2h 41m 43s) Codey:

Oh my god, they were roommates.

(2h 41m 45s)

Wink, wink.

(2h 41m 46s) Chelsea:

Oh my god.

(2h 41m 48s) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 41m 49s) Chelsea:

Okay, yeah, just because I know you, I gotta play this game.

(2h 41m 52s)

I was gonna say the most accurate game for bees is obviously be with guns.

(2h 41m 54s) Codey:

Yeah.

(2h 41m 56s)

Oh yeah, so that’s, so Chelsea brought up this game uh, to us on the team chat, team slack.

(2h 42m 4s)

Uh, and we were like, well, we got to play it.

(2h 42m 5s) Chelsea:

bought it.

(2h 42m 6s) Codey:

So we’re gonna, so in the future, there will be an episode or a greenhouse or whatever, on the game called be with gun.

(2h 42m 12s) Chelsea:

I cannot wait.

(2h 42m 12s) Codey:

It’s only it’s only $5, so…

(2h 42m 13s) Chelsea:

I bought it and.

(2h 42m 15s)

Yeah, no, I because I was looking at beast simulator.

(2h 42m 18s)

Gwen was like, what’s that?

(2h 42m 20s)

B with gun?

(2h 42m 21s)

Can we watch a trailer?

(2h 42m 22s)

And then he, it just shows us it’ll be like it’s angry and it just whips his gun out.

(2h 42m 26s)

It’s like now it’s your turn to fight back.

(2h 42m 29s)

I’m like, okay, sold.

(2h 42m 29s) Codey:

Yep.

(2h 42m 30s) Chelsea:

Sold.

(2h 42m 31s)

So stay tuned for that episode.

(2h 42m 34s) Codey:

Yep.

(2h 42m 35s)

Thank you, Chelsea V Burton, for joining me for this episode.

Outro

(2h 42m 39s) Codey:

Do you have anything that you would like to share with the audience?

(2h 42m 41s) Chelsea:

Um, if you want to follow me on Instagram, my username is Zelda Greensley, I believe, I think.

(2h 42m 47s)

If that’s helpful, or Zelda Green.

(2h 42m 49s) Codey:

Mm-hmm.

(2h 42m 50s) Chelsea:

Um, I mostly just post.

(2h 42m 52s)

Nothing, but, um, I’m looking into getting back into my music stuff, hosting concert videos, video game stuff, um, because I am a huge nerd, and I like Pokemon and Zelda.

(2h 42m 58s) Codey:

Hmm.

(2h 43m 5s)

Woo!

(2h 43m 5s) Chelsea:

So if you want to see some of that stuff.

(2h 43m 7s)

Remember they’re welcome to join me there.

(2h 43m 9s) Codey:

Are you looking for friends on neopets?

(2h 43m 12s) Chelsea:

Yes, um, okay.

(2h 43m 13s) Codey:

You gotta you gotta plug that.

(2h 43m 16s) Chelsea:

Zelda Greensley.

(2h 43m 18s)

So, yeah, please add me and I will give you stuff.

(2h 43m 22s) Codey:

Yeah, I should probably, I’ll, I’ll do the premium and then I’ll, I’ll add, add you and you can give me stuff.

(2h 43m 23s) Chelsea:

That sounds. Yes, join me and I will give you some.

(2h 43m 30s)

Yeah, I’ll give you stuff.

(2h 43m 30s) Codey:

I wonder, like, is there a, is there a thing that it’s like, who referred you to premium or?

(2h 43m 36s) Chelsea:

No, I don’t think so.

(2h 43m 37s)

I’ll look into it, but I never saw any sort of referral.

(2h 43m 38s) Codey:

Because maybe like we could be friends and then maybe like if you would be like, suggest to this person that they get whatever and then you could get kickbacks from that.

(2h 43m 46s) Chelsea:

Oh, I’ll look into that.

(2h 43m 47s) Codey:

I wonder, they probably actually don’t have that because then people would just make a 1000000 um, accounts and then, like give themselves all the kickbacks, but…

(2h 43m 54s) Chelsea:

Well, that’s true.

(2h 43m 58s)

Why can’t we have anything nice?

(2h 43m 59s) Codey:

Um, Because everyone, because the scalpers ruin it.

(2h 44m) Chelsea:

Can’t have anything nice in this world.

(2h 44m 5s) Codey:

Um, Uh, I, I mean, I don’t have much to share the audience.

(2h 44m 5s) Chelsea:

Oh.

(2h 44m 11s) Codey:

I’ve just been yapping to you for a long time.

(2h 44m 12s)

I guess the one thing to share is if you made it to this part of the podcast and you are someone that works in a museum or for bug insect biodiversity or conservation and you are looking for someone to hire.

(2h 44m 25s)

Hit me up because I I currently have some uh, like part-time identification gigs, but other than that, it is not a fun time to be working in conservation in my country.

(2h 44m 37s) Chelsea:

You gotta plug your LinkedIn.

(2h 44m 38s)

Got to plug your LinkedIn at the bottom.

(2h 44m 39s) Codey:

Dude, my LinkedIn, so I do have LinkedIn.

(2h 44m 42s)

I mean it’s just my name.

(2h 44m 43s)

Um, and I docks myself everywhere.

(2h 44m 45s)

My name’s everywhere, but like, the link, I’m grumpy with LinkedIn.

(2h 44m 49s)

It is such a scam.

(2h 44m 51s)

But, I mean, sure, look, look me up on LinkedIn, if you’re interested, um, or just reach out to me, uh, through LinkedIn or through the whatever.

(2h 44m 51s) Chelsea:

It is.

(2h 45m) Codey:

Find me somewhere.

(2h 45m 1s)

You can.

(2h 45m 1s)

Blue Sky.

(2h 45m 2s)

Um, What else has Blue Sky is the podcast.

(2h 45m 6s)

So you can find the podcast at Tumblr and Blue Sky at THS Pod.

(2h 45m 7s) Chelsea:

Mm.

(2h 45m 11s) Codey:

You can also go to our website, harvestseason.club, to get feedbacks, links, the transcripts, all of this stuff that I’ve mentioned in this episode is going to be in there.

(2h 45m 20s)

Also, while you’re there, you can find a link to our Patreon, patreon.com slash GHS pod.

(2h 45m 25s)

where you can support the show for as little as like 3 or 4 bucks a month.

(2h 45m 29s)

Um, and in doing so, you get access to the Slack where we talk about things, cool things.

(2h 45m 35s)

A lot of people have been posting some or responding to the bug month, which is great.

(2h 45m 40s)

I love people’s stuff.

(2h 45m 41s)

One of the one of our friends who’s on there, Stewart posted a picture of a book, like a dragonflies of Ireland book that they have.

(2h 45m 51s)

And I was like, whoa, like, that is so cool.

(2h 45m 54s)

Um, so it’s just stuff like that.

(2h 45m 54s) Chelsea:

Cool, yeah.

(2h 45m 57s) Codey:

We also will post other things.

(2h 45m 59s)

I’ll post a photo of, uh, my one dog just got spayed and there’s a really cute

(2h 46m 4s)

I have some really cute photos of her with the cone of shame on.

(2h 46m 7s)

Um, to so that she stops messing with her fricking incision.

(2h 46m 12s)

Um, I’ll post some of those. And I’ll also post, uh, I’ll post the bumblebee writing.

(2h 46m 20s)

Um, I’m not, I’m gonna provide as little, like, no context.

(2h 46m 21s) Chelsea:

Yes, that needs to be seen by as many people as possible.

(2h 46m 26s) Codey:

I’m just gonna be like here it is.

(2h 46m 28s)

Um, So yeah, that is everything.

(2h 46m 33s)

Thank you, Chelsea, for joining me.

(2h 46m 35s) Chelsea:

Thanks for having.

(2h 46m 35s) Codey:

Thank you listeners for listening, and until next time, have a good harvest.

(2h 46m 40s) Chelsea:

Have a good harvest.

(2h 46m 47s) Theme Tune:

The harvest season is created by Al McKinley with support from our patrons, including our pro farmers, Kevin Stewart and Elisa.

(2h 46m 55s)

Our art is done by Mike the Brave, and our music is done by Nick Burgess.

(2h 46m 59s)

Feel free to visit our website, harvestseason.club for show notes and links to things we discussed in this episode.

(2h 47m 16s) Codey:

Okay, well, that was a almost 3 hour rant.

(2h 47m 19s)

Um, it’s probably more like 2.5 hours after uh, Al cuts deadness.

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